Chapter 1 Section 1 vocabulary Flashcards
Believes in natural rights to life, liberty, and property. Governments exist to protect the natural rights of people, and if they do not, people can change that goverement
John Locke
Says that life in a state of nature is “nasty, Brutish, and short”, people give up their freedoms to governments for protection, and therefore governments need to be strong
Thomas Hobbes
Separation of powers. In order to prevent Government from becoming tyrannical, the power needs to be separated.
Baron de Montesquieu
Believes that people are basically good but become corrupted by society. In an ideal society, people make their own laws and obey them willingly.
Jean-Jacques Rousseau
A French author who used humor and sarcasm to criticize the government
Voltaire
Produced the first encyclopedia
Denis Diderot
An enlightenment thinker who supported equality for women
Mary Wolstonecraft
A book written by Adam Smith that advocated an economic system of free-market capitalism
The Wealth of Nations
The natural forces of supply and demand
Free Market
Allows business to operate with little or no influence from the government
Laissez Faire
Laws that govern human nature
Natural laws
An agreement by which people gave up their freedoms for an organized society
Social contract
Rights that belong to all humans on earth
Natural rights
A group of Enlightenment thinkers who applied the methods of science to improve society
Philosophe
An enlightenment thinker focused on economic reform
Physiocrat
