Chapter 1: Scientific Measurements

Question 1

Significant or Not?

1. Leading zeros
2. Captive zeros
3. Trailing zeros

Answer 1

1. Not significant (placeholders)
2. Always significant
3. If the decimal point is present ONLY

Question 2

Converting into Scientific Notation Facts

Answer 2

• Do not change the number of significant figures
• When numbers are positive, exponents can be arranged by exponents in increasing/decreasing order.

Question 3

Significant Figure Arithmetic

1. Multiplication/Division rule
2. Addition/Subtraction
3. Exact Number rule

Answer 3

1. Results carry the fewest amount of significant figures.
2. Align values and identify the last significant figure with the largest error (.01 vs .1 then .1 is where significant figures stop).
3. Non-measured numbers have infinite significant figures — not used to determine sig figs.

Question 4

Unit Conversion

Quantity | Unit Name | Unit Abbreviation

1. Length
2. Mass
3. Time
4. Temperature
5. Amount of Substance
6. Electric Current
7. Luminous Intensity

Answer 4

1. Meter (m)
2. Kilogram (kg)
3. Second (s)
4. Kelvin (K)
5. Mole (mol)
6. Ampere (A)
7. Candela (cd)

Question 5

Metric Prefixes mnemonic

Answer 5

The Good Man king henry’s daughter Beth drinks cold milk μntil nine pm

Tetra Giga Mega kilo hecto deka BASE deci centi mili micro nano pico

Question 6

Prefix: deci

Symbol:
Meaning:

Answer 6

Symbol: d
Meaning: 10^-1

Question 7

Prefix: centi

Symbol:
Meaning:

Answer 7

Symbol: c
Meaning: 10^-2

Question 8

Prefix: milli

Symbol:
Meaning:

Answer 8

Symbol: m
Meaning: 10^-3

Question 9

Prefix: micro

Symbol:
Meaning:

Answer 9

Symbol: μ
Meaning: 10^-6

Question 10

Prefix: nano

Symbol:
Meaning:

Answer 10

Symbol: n
Meaning: 10^-9

Question 11

Prefix: pico

Symbol:
Meaning:

Answer 11

Symbol: p
Meaning: 10^-12

Question 12

Prefix: deka

Symbol:
Meaning:

Answer 12

Symbol: da
Meaning: 10¹

Question 13

Prefix: hecto

Symbol:
Meaning:

Answer 13

Symbol: h
Meaning: 10²

Question 14

Prefix: kilo

Symbol:
Meaning:

Answer 14

Symbol: k
Meaning: 10³

Question 15

Prefix: mega

Symbol:
Meaning:

Answer 15

Symbol: M
Meaning: 10⁶

Question 16

Prefix: giga

Symbol:
Meaning:

Answer 16

Symbol: G
Meaning: 10⁹

Question 17

Prefix: Tetra

Symbol:
Meaning:

Answer 17

Symbol: T
Meaning: 10¹²

Question 18

Density formula:

Answer 18

Density = Mass/Volume

Density: [mass unit]/[volume unit³]

Question 19

Volume is equal to?

Answer 19

Volume = length x width x height

Question 20

Specific Gravity formula:

Answer 20

specific gravity = [density of a substance (g/mL)] / [density of water (g/mL)]

Question 21

1. Celsius to Kelvin formula
2. Kelvin to Celsius formula

Answer 21

Kelvin:
Kelvin = Celsius + 273.15

Celsius:
Celsius = Kelvin - 273.15

Question 22

1. Fahrenheit to Celsius formula
2. Celsius to Fahrenheit formula

Answer 22

Celsius:
Celsius = Fahrenheit - 32 (water freezing point in Fahrenheit) / 1.8

Fahrenheit:
Fahrenheit = 1.8 * Celsius + 32 (water freezing point in Fahrenheit)

Question 23

Freezing point / Boiling point of water in Fahrenheit

Answer 23

Freezing point: 32F
Boiling point: 212F

Question 24

Freezing point / Boiling point of water in Celsius

Answer 24

Freezing point: 0C
Boiling point: 100C

Question 25

Freezing point / Boiling point of water in Kelvin

Answer 25

Freezing point: 272.15K
Boiling: 373.15K