chapter 1 - scientific endeavor

Question 1

what is the definition of science?

Answer 1

science is the study of natural phenomena in the world.

Question 2

what is a hypothesis?

Answer 2

a hypothesis is a statement of a proposed explanation.

Question 3

what is an independent variable?

Answer 3

it is the variable that is changed by the person doing the experiment.

Question 4

what is a dependent variable?

Answer 4

it is the variable that is measured or observed.

Question 5

what is the meaning of a controlled variable?

Answer 5

a controlled variable has to be kept constant (the same) to ensure a fair experiment.

Question 6

what is the SI unit of length?

Answer 6

m

Question 7

what is the SI unit of volume?

Answer 7

m3

Question 8

what is the SI unit for time?

Answer 8

s

Question 9

what is the SI unit for temperature?

Answer 9

K (kelvin)

Question 10

what is the SI unit for mass?

Answer 10

kg

Question 11

what are the function and traits of a test tube?

Answer 11

• to hold chemicals
• has a curved base for even heating
• is transparent for easy observation

Question 12

what are the function and traits of a boiling tube?

Answer 12

• to contain chemicals for strong heating
• has a curved base for even heating
• is transparent for easy observation

Question 13

what are the function and traits of a beaker?

Answer 13

• to contain or mixing chemicals or liquids
• is transparent for easy observation

Question 14

what are the function and traits of a conical flask?

Answer 14

• conical body allows mixing liquids without spillage
• narrow mouth allows stopper or filter funnel to fit into it
• is transparent for easy observation

Question 15

what are the function and traits of a flat-bottomed flask?

Answer 15

• to contain or mixing chemicals or preparing gases without heating
• is transparent for observation
• flat-bottomed for easy standing (without additional support)

Question 16

what are the function and traits of a round-bottomed flask?

Answer 16

• to contain or mixing chemical or preparing gases with heating
• is transparent for easy observation
• round-bottomed, needs additional support to stand

Question 17

what are the function and traits of a gas jar?

Answer 17

• collecting gas
• is transparent for easy observation
• traps a gas when used a lid

Question 18

what are the function and traits of a retort stand?

Answer 18

• support apparatus during experiments

Question 19

what are the function and traits of filter funnel and filter paper?

Answer 19

• separate insoluble solid from a liquid
• filter paper does the actual separation
• filter funnel holds the filter paper in shape

Question 20

what are the function and traits of an evaporation dish?

Answer 20

• evaporation liquid from a solution

Question 21

what are the function and traits of a wire gauze?

Answer 21

• support apparatus on tripod stand when heating

Question 22

what are the function and traits of a tripod stand?

Answer 22

• supporting apparatus during heating

Question 23

what is quantitative data?

Answer 23

• measurements in numerical values
• measured by instruments/counted

Question 24

what is qualitative data?

Answer 24

• descriptive
• involve senses

Question 25

what is accuracy?

Answer 25

accuracy is the closeness of the reading to the true valve, the more accurate the data

Question 26

what is precision?

Answer 26

precision is the closeness of the reading to each other. the closer the reading to the true value, the more accurate the data.

Question 27

what is zero error?

Answer 27

instrument showing non-zero reading when the instrument is not being used.

Question 28

what is parallax error?

Answer 28

it is an instrument that is viewed from the wrong angle