Chapter 1: Science/Measurement Flashcards
Accuracy
vs
Precision
Closeness of a measurement/set of measurements to the correct or known value
vs
The degree to which measurements are reproducible
Chemical bond
Attraction between two atoms that holds them together
Compound
Chemical combo of elements that has a definite composition and its own set of properties.
Conversion Factor
Ratio equal to 1 that can be multiplied by a quantity to change the form of the quantity w/o changing its value.
Definite composition
The given ratio by mass of each element in a compound to any other element in the compound.
Derived unit
Product or powers of one or more base units.
Dimensional analysis
System that involves the use of units to indicate the proper arithmetic operation to perform; also called unit analysis or the factor label method.
Extensive property
vs
Intensive property
Property dependent on quantity
vs
Property not dependent on quantity
Law of conservation of energy
vs
Law of conservation of mass
Energy cannot be created or destroyed
vs
Amount of mass at the start/end of a chemical/physical change is equal to the amount of mass present before the change.
Matter
Anything w/ mass that occupies space
Mixture
Physical combo of substances that has a nondefinite composition and properties characteristic of its components.
Product
Substance/s that result from a chemical or physical change.
Pure substance
Substance in which all of the particles that make up that substance are exactly the same kind. Elements and compounds are pure substances, but mixtures are not.
Reactant
The starting material that undergoes a change in a physical or chemical change.
Scientific law
vs
Theory
Scientific observation that is always seen to be that way, w/ no exceptions. NOT a theory proven true.
vs
Explanation that has been thoroughly tested and widely accepted
Significant digit
Any digit that reflects the precision w/ which a measurement was made
Soluble
Able to be dissolved
Solution
Homogenous mixture
Unit
Standard division of measure having a certain value; for example, the meter is the SI base unit of length
