Chapter 1- Risk

Question 1

Keyes, 2004 said:

Answer 1

Risk factors generate undesirable, non-normative developmental outcomes.

Question 2

Newman, 2004 said:

Answer 2

Risk factors are single factors or a combination of factors that increase the chase of an undesirable outcome.

Question 3

What were the results of Lansford’s (2009) study:

Answer 3

Studied children of divorce.

Increased levels of behavioural problems.

Decreased levels of educational attainment.

Question 4

What were the results of Dearing’s (2008) study:

Answer 4

Children living in poverty.

Lower levels of IQ resulting in poor educational achievement.

Increased levels of behaviour problems.

Question 5

Lyons study:

Answer 5

Insecure infant attachment.

Increased levels of externalising behaviour problems.

Question 6

What did Willms (2002) criticise RFs for?

Answer 6

Not all risk factors have an equal impact.

Some RFs have weak effects when considered in isolation.

Question 7

What did Rutter (1979) determine about RFs?

Answer 7

They co-occur, named cumulative risk factors.

They have a strong negative influence in a child’s development.

Question 8

What criticisms are given for RFs?

Answer 8

Most research is focussed on a deficit model.

And based on groups = no individual differences.

Needs to progress!! = resilience (conceptualised from RFs)

Question 9

Definition of Risk…

Answer 9

Adversive/difficult factors that create poor developmental outcome.