Chapter 1- Population

Question 1

What factors contributed to the world’s overall population in the last 150 years?

Answer 1

• High death rate.
• In the 19th century food production increased due to the agricultural revolution.
• Transportation of food and goods improved due to the industrial revolution.
• Advances in medicine, sanitation and nutrition.

Question 2

Why does a population not level off during the same year that it reaches zero population growth?

Answer 2

This is because the number of people that die are replaced by their children.

Question 3

What do you think will happen to the human population growth if it exceeds it’s carrying capacity?

Answer 3

Increased number of death caused by famine and illness as Earth will be unsustainable which means there win’t be enough resources for the whole population.

Question 4

How do you calculate population change?

Answer 4

Birth rate - Death rate +/- Change in migration

Question 5

Suggest 5 reasons for population change.

Answer 5

• Famine
• Lack of contraceptions
• Free healthcare
• Improve in sanitation’s
• Malnutrition

Question 6

Suggest three impacts of underpopulation in Australia.

Answer 6

• Schools and hospitals closed.
• Gaps in workforce.
• Cattle grazing covers 35% of the country.

Question 7

Suggest 5 impacts of overpopulation in Nigeria.

Answer 7

• Water, soil and air pollution.
• Rapid urbanisation
• Waste disposal
• Desertification
• Not enough healthcare/education

Question 8

Give three ways of collecting data about a population.

Answer 8

• Census
• Number if visas awarded
• Birth/death certificate.

Question 9

Why does Japan have an ageing population?

Answer 9

This is because Japan has a good healthcare and welfare systems, which means life expectancy is higher, and since 1975 birth rate started to decline.

Question 10

What is population density?

Answer 10

Population density is the average number of people per square kilometre. It’s unit is people/km2.

Question 11

Suggest 4 factors affecting population density.

Answer 11

• Fertile land
• Job/infrastructure/transport
• Extreme climate
• Steep land

Question 12

Give four causes for underpopulation in Australia.

Answer 12

• Large areas are inhospitable desert areas
• It’s climate is extremely warm, e.g reaching 50.7°C in Oodnadatta
• Developed country, contraceptions is fully available, lower birth rate
• Culturally families prefer fewer children

Question 13

Suggest 4 causes for overpopulation in Nigeria.

Answer 13

• Cultural influence and religious belief.
• Male-child preference: If a female baby is born into a family, the couple continues attempts until they gets a male child.
• The majority of Niger’s population are rural subsistence farmers that need children to work in their farms.
• Contraception isn’t very accessible, only 12% of women used contraception in 2012.

Question 14

Suggest three causes of population decline in Russia.

Answer 14

• Low investment in healthcare
• Culture of smoking and drinking alcohol
• High rates of abortion

Question 15

Give three reasons for international migrations.

Answer 15

• Refugees
• Bright light syndrome
• Looking for a better job/better education

Question 16

Give three push factors for national migrations e.g Brazil

Answer 16

• Low paid agricultural jobs
• Jobs lost due to mechanisation
• Lack of services e.g hospitals, schools

Question 17

Give three pull factors for national migration e.g Brazil.

Answer 17

• Better entertainment
• Prospect of better job
• More services

Question 18

Give three reasons for international migration from Poland to the UK.

Answer 18

• High polish unemployment of 18.2% in 20p5.
• Free healthcare in the UK through the NHS
• UK jobs available in low skilled areas