Chapter 1 Picturing Distributions with graphs Flashcards
What is the discipline of statistics?
The science of collecting, organizing, analyzing, and interpreting data
What does an individual mean in statistics?
People, animals, plants, or any other object of interest
What does variable mean in statistics?
a characteristic that differs among individuals in a population or in a sample. (ex: age, sex, income)
What are the two types of variables?
Quantitative and Categorical
What is a quantitive variable?
It is something that can be counted or measured. (College acceptance rate, number of students)
What is a categorical variable?
It places individuals into one of several groups (Major, Race, gender)
What does the distribution of a variable tell us?
How many times something shows up (Distribution of rolling a 1 is 1/6, distribution of 2 is 1/6)
What does a pie chart show?
Shows recent of a whole (20% or 100%)
What does a bar graph show?
The count for a category (6 people said yes 1 person said no)
What does a histogram show?
the distribution of a quantitative variable
What is the difference between a histogram and a bar graph?
histogram has no space between values, bar graphs do
What does a symmetric histogram look like?
When both sides are approximately mirror images of each other
What does a skewed to the right histogram look like?
tail to the right (most data to the left)
What does a skewed to the left histogram look like?
Tail to the left (Most data to the right)
What does a unimodal histogram mean?
that there is one peak (Mode) in the histogram
What does a bimodal histogram mean?
that there are two peaks (Modes) in the histogram
What does a multimodal histogram mean?
A histogram that has more than two peaks (Modes)
When is a stemplot needed?
Small data sets to present detailed information
When making a stem plot where do you put a single digit number
After the 0
When making a stem plot do the leaves go in numerical order
yes
What is the count for a stem plot?
The amount of numbers in a leaf
What type of graphical display is most appropriate for quantitative variables?
a: bar graph
b: histograms
c: pie chart
b: Histogram
What is a time plot?
used to show change over time
