Chapter 1: Pharmacology

Question 1

Agonist

Answer 1

increases effect

Question 2

Antagonist

Answer 2

decreases effect

Question 3

Dose

Answer 3

amount of medication given

Question 4

Action

Answer 4

effect medication is expected to have, use to measure effectiveness of drug

Question 5

Generic Name

Answer 5

nonproprietary name of drug (ie. ibuprofen) uncapitalized

Question 6

Trade Name

Answer 6

manufacturer brand name (ie. Tylenol), costs more

Question 7

External Medication

Answer 7

enter through digestive system, take a while to work

Question 8

Parenteral Medication

Answer 8

absorbed through other methods (ie. intravenous, sublingually under tongue)

Question 9

PR

Answer 9

per rectum

Question 10

PO

Answer 10

per os, by mouth

Question 11

IV (intravenous)

Answer 11

via vein

Question 12

IO (intraosseous)

Answer 12

via bone

Question 13

SC (subcutaneous)

Answer 13

under skin

Question 14

IM (intramuscular)

Answer 14

via muscle

Question 15

Inhalation

Answer 15

breath in via lungs

Question 16

SL (sublingual)

Answer 16

under tongue, dissolves

Question 17

Transcutaneous/Transdermal

Answer 17

via skin

Question 18

IN (intranasal)

Answer 18

via nose, mucosal atomizer device

Question 19

Solution

Answer 19

liquid mixture of substances, can give as IV, IM, or SC

Question 20

why no capsules?

Answer 20

no water once on ambulance

Question 21

Suspension

Answer 21

does not dissolve in liquids, easiy separated (ie. activated charcoal)

Question 22

MDI (metered-dose inhaler)

Answer 22

small particles broken down to inhale, only gives specific amount of medication per huff

Question 23

Topical Medicines

Answer 23

lotions, creams, ointments, etc.

Question 24

Gels

Answer 24

semiliquid in capsules or tubes

Question 25

Glucose

Answer 25

liquid sugar gel, give to someone with diabetes, sugar <70, altered mental status or low blood sugar, for patient that is alert has gag reflex and can protect airway

Question 26

Oxygen

Answer 26

1-6 LPM nasal cannula, 10-15 LPM nonrebreather

Question 27

RPMDDD (6 Rights)

Answer 27

need to know the correct ones before giving medication:

Route
Patient (what patient has)
Medication
Date (expired or good to use)
Dose
Document

Question 28

Aspirin

Answer 28

for chest pain, needs to be chewed

Question 29

Nitroglycerin

Answer 29

for chest pain, incrases blood flow, under tongue, can be spray or pill, can’t give without prescription, use dark bottle

Question 30

Epinephrine

Answer 30

epipen, for severe allergice reaction, controls fight-or-flight, intravenous vi

Question 31

Naloxone

Answer 31

narcan, reverse opioid overdose (contricted pupils, ask patient history), intranasally

Question 32

Nebulizers

Answer 32

turn liquid into mist, inhaler, set to 6

Question 33

Spacer

Answer 33

add on to inhaler, for children to help inhale better