Chapter 1 - Perspectives and Values

Question 0

human activity in society is governed by:

Answer 0

rules

Question 1

Three overreaching questions:

Answer 1

• description
• explanation
• evaluation

Question 2

six basic aspects of rules:

Answer 2

rules are enforced
rules take different norms
rules are frequently not neutral
rules and powers interact
rules can be inconsistent 
rules can change

Question 3

Five core American values of society

Answer 3

freedom
prosperity
efficiency
fairness
democracy

Question 4

The idea that people should be able to live their lives to the greatest degree possible as they wish. people should be free of coercive restrictions imposed by others and, as much as s possible, have the capacity to put their life plans into effect.

Answer 4

freedom

Question 5

The idea that an economy should generate a high standard of living for most people, not just a small and privileged life:

Answer 5

prosperity

Question 6

the idea that the economy should generate rational outcomes, effectively balancing costs and benefits in the way resources are used

Answer 6

Efficiency

Question 7

The idea that people should be treated justly and they should have equal opportunity to make something of their lives without unfair privileges and unfair disadvantages:

Answer 7

Fairness

Question 8

The idea of our public decisions should reflect the collective will of equal citizens, not of powerful and privileged elites

Answer 8

Democracy

Question 9

Four kinds of disagreements on values:

Answer 9

definition
evaluation
ranking
optimism vs pessimism