Chapter 1: Periodic table, Fill in the blank Flashcards
1
Q
- Elements in the same group share similar chemical properties because they have the same number of __________ in their outermost shell.
A
Answer: electrons
2
Q
- Most elements in the periodic table are __________, found on the left and center.
A
Answer: metals
3
Q
- Metalloids are found along the dividing line between __________ and __________.
A
Answer: metals; non-metals
4
Q
- The atomic number represents the number of __________ in the nucleus of an atom.
A
Answer: protons
5
Q
- Noble gases, such as __________ and __________, do not easily form compounds.
A
Answer: helium; neon
6
Q
- Organic molecules are primarily constructed from the element __________.
A
Answer: carbon
7
Q
- Carbon can form various different bonding arrangements with elements such as nitrogen (N), oxygen (O), sulfur (S), and __________.
A
Answer: phosphorus
8
Q
- To understand the structure and bonding of organic molecules, we must first know about __________ bonds and __________ bonds.
A
Answer: ionic; covalent
9
Q
- Ionic or covalent bonds form because the atoms involved need to achieve filled electron shells and a stable __________ gas configuration.
A
Answer: noble
10
Q
- In an ionic bond, this is achieved by the __________ of electrons, while in a covalent bond, it is achieved by the __________ of electrons.
A
Answer: exchange; sharing
11
Q
- Covalent bonds involving different atoms are usually __________, with greater electron density found on the more electronegative atom.
A
Answer: polarized
12
Q
- The __________ electronegativity scale provides a means to compare electronegativities of bonded atoms.
A
Answer: Pauling
13
Q
- Covalent bonds can be illustrated using _________ structures, where two dots represent the pair of electrons involved in a covalent bond.
A
Answer: Lewis
14
Q
- End-on overlap of atomic orbitals leads to __________ molecular orbitals
A
Answer: σ bond
15
Q
- Side-on overlap of p orbitals leads to a __________ molecular orbital.
A
Answer: π bond
