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Sailing Terminology > Chapter 1 - parts of boat > Flashcards

Chapter 1 - parts of boat Flashcards

0
Q

Masts are supported by these

A

Standing rigging

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1
Q

Body of the boat

A

Hull

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2
Q

Sail located along aft edge of tallest mast

A

Main or mainsail

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3
Q

Sail that sets in front of mast

A

Headsail - most common is jib (large jibs that overlap mast are genoas)

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4
Q

Weight of boat in water is called…

A

Displacement (pushes aside a volume of water equal to its rate)

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5
Q

Top corner of a sail

A

Head

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6
Q

Fore, bottom corner of a sail

A

Tack

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7
Q

Aft, bottom corner of a sail

A

Clew

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8
Q

Bottom edge of a sail

A

Foot

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9
Q

Aft edge of a sail

A

Leech

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10
Q

Forward edge of a sail

A

Luff

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11
Q

Solid slats inserted into pockets along a sail’s leech to help maintain it’s shape

A

Battens

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12
Q

All lines & pulleys used to raise, lower, and adjust sails

A

Running rigging

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13
Q

Primary line that adjusts the sail trim

A

Sheet - ex: main sail = mainsheet

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14
Q

Line running up mast used to pull up the sails

A

Halyard

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15
Q

A pulley

A

Block

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16
Q

A fitting used to tie off or secure a line so it doesn’t slip

A

Cleat

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17
Q

The control line system near the tack of a main sail used to adjust luff tension

A

Cunningham

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18
Q

The control line system mounted on the boom used for controlling the tension of the foot of the mainsail (Controls depth in the bottom of the mainsail)

A

Outhaul

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19
Q

A sail control system that can move the lower mainsheet attachment point on the boat from side to side (changes angle of attack without changing the sail’s twist)

A

Traveler

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20
Q

The control line system running from the boom to the base of the mast that tensions the leech of the mainsail (primary twist control of mainsail sailing downwind reach or run)

A

Boom Vang

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21
Q

The outer side of the stern

A

Transom

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22
Q

The distance between the deck of the boat in the water; The height of the top sides

A

Freeboard

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23
Q

The distance from the water’s surface to the deepest point on the boat

A

Draft/draught

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24
Q

The amount and position of fullness in a sail

A

Draft/draught

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25
Q

The outer sides of the hull

A

Topsides

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26
Q

The width of the boat at any point

A

Beam

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27
Q

The water level on the hull

A

Waterline

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28
Q

Draw - “our boat draws 6 feet”

A

Same as draft (or draught)

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29
Q

All wires that support the mast, including forestay, shrouds, & backstay

A

Standing rigging

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30
Q

Halyardlike control line running from the mast; used to lift the outboard tip of the spinnaker

A

Topping lift

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31
Q

Additional dock lines that are tied from the middle of the boat at opposite angles to the dock lines to prevent the boat from surging forward or backward

A

Spring lines

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32
Q

The support wires that run from the mast down to the edge of the deck on the port and starboard sides of the mast

A

Shrouds

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33
Q

The primary line that adjusts the sail’s trim

A

Sheet - main or jib

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34
Q

The moving “wheel” part of a block or pulley

A

Sheave

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35
Q

A metal fitting often used to attach a sail to a rope/line

A

Shackle

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36
Q

A boat’s navigation lights

A

Running lights

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37
Q

A mechanical fitting with a lever arm that cleats a rope

A

Jammer

38
Q

A system of reducing the exposed sail area of a given sail

A

Reefing

39
Q

Horizontal line of reinforced holes built into the sail to facilitate reefing

A

Reef points

40
Q

Sailing with the wind coming over the port side of the boat

A

Port tack

41
Q

Flapping motion of sailcloth when a sail is undertrimmed or not trimmed at all

A

Luff

42
Q

Poles around deck that hold lifelines

A

Stanchions

43
Q

When a boat has stopped moving & is stuck pointing directly into the wind

A

In irons

44
Q

When boat leans to one side

A

Heel

45
Q

Snaps or clips at intervals along the luff of a jib, used to attach it to the forestay

A

Hanks

46
Q

The spinnaker sheet (control rope) on the windward side that attaches the through a fitting on the spinnaker pole to the tack

A

Guy/afterguy

47
Q

Fitting that attaches the boom to the mast

A

Gooseneck

48
Q

To roll or fold a sail & secure it

A

Furl

49
Q

To sail slightly lower than close-hauled in order to go faster

A

Foot

50
Q

A metal pin that secures a shackle or other fitting Ina boat

A

Clevis pin

51
Q

The closest course to the wind that you can effectively sail

A

Close-hauled : also - upwind, on the wind, beating

52
Q

A reach at any heading between 90° to the wind & close-hauled

A

Close reach

53
Q

Attachment point of standing rigging on the hull

A

Chain plate

54
Q

Reaching at a wide or broad angle to the wind (greater than 90°)

A

Broad reach

55
Q

A sudden, unplanned turning of a boat toward the wind that occurs in strong winds

A

Broach

56
Q

Horizontal pole that supports the bottom edge of the mainsail

A

Boom

57
Q

A pulley through which lines run

A

Block

58
Q

Reaching on a heading perpendicular to the wind direction

A

Beam reach

59
Q

At right angles to the boat

A

Abeam

60
Q

Partners

A

The point where the mast leaves the deck

61
Q

Quadrant

A

Bracket around the rudder post that connects to the steering cables

62
Q

Sheave

A

The moving wheel-shaped part that the rope turns over

63
Q

Pawl

A

Gearing (?) that allows a winch to spin one way & not the other

64
Q

In column

A

A straight mast

65
Q

Bosun’s chair

A

A harness-type device that provides a seat & can be attached to the halyard

66
Q

Attachment points for the standing rigging

A

Tangs

67
Q

Ropes, webbing, or cables that run along the deck in either side of the cabin the length of the boat

A

Jack lines

68
Q

Sailing to close to the wind

A

Pinching

69
Q

Wind shift coming from farther ahead

A

A header

70
Q

Wind shift coming from farther behind

A

A lift

71
Q

Sailing the boat at a lower angle to the wind (to go faster)

A

Footing

72
Q

Sailing the boat at a closer angle to the wind (slower but more direct to your destination)

A

Pinching

73
Q

When close hauled or reached, boats tend to to turn toward the wind

A

Weather helm

74
Q

Another term for Cunningham

A

Downhaul

75
Q

To get every knot out of the mainsail…

A

Tighten halyard &/or cunningham and loosen them downwind

Increased luff tension usually moves draft position forward & decreases the depth of the sail slightly

76
Q

Rule of thumb for boom vang

A

Put enough boom vang on (set when close hauled) so that the top batten is parallel to the boom

77
Q

How to use a traveler for maximum upwind power

A

In light air: sailing windward, after mainsheet is trimmed for the right amount of twist, pull the traveler to windward, so BOOM IS ON CENTERLINE
In heavy air: reduce power by dropping traveler to leeward

78
Q

The first fitting (usually a pulley or fairlead) through which each jib sheet (one on each side) passes as it comes from the sail on its way to the cockpit

A

Jib “leads” or “cars”

79
Q

How to adjust sail twist in a jib

A

Moving jib leads/cars forward or aft

80
Q

Halyard-like control line running from mast, used to lift he outboard tip of the spinnaker pole into position

A

Topping Lift or pole lift or topper

81
Q

Line coming from the foredeck area, used to keep the outboard tip of the spinnaker pole from lifting too high

A

Foreguy or downhaul

82
Q

Sailor’s slang for spinnaker

A

Chute

83
Q

A rapid, out of control turn up toward the wind

A

Broach

84
Q

A built-in bow pole

A

Sprit

85
Q

Maximum theoretical speed of a displacement, heavy hull

A

Hull speed

86
Q

How to calculate hull speed (Kts)

A

1.34 X (square root of load waterline length in feet)

87
Q

Boat with one mast, boom, one or two jibs, plus a mainsail

A

Sloop

88
Q

Single-masted boat whose mast is stepped almost near the center of the boat

A

Cutter

89
Q

“Divided” or a rig with two masts

A

Yawl - forward mast called mainmast, aft mast called mizzenmast (on a yawl, mizzenmast is stepped aft of rudder post)

90
Q

A yawl-like rig except the mizzenmast is stepped forward of the rudder post & is larger in proportion to mainmast

A

Ketch

91
Q

A “divided” rig with forward mast (foremast) shorter than the main mast

A

Schooner

92
Q

Sailboat rigged with main mast on bow (no jib)

A

Cat rig

Sailing Terminology (2 decks)

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