Chapter 1 - Particles and Nuclides - [Complete} Flashcards

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1
Q

Which proposal for the structure of the atom did JJ Thomson put forward?

A

The plum pudding model

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2
Q

What year did Rutherford put forward his theory for the structure of an atom?

A

1911

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3
Q

What is the analogy often used to describe the difference in sizes between nuclear and atomic radii?

A

If the atom had a radius the size of wembley stadium, the nucleus would be a small pea on the centre spot

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4
Q

What is the equation for the specific charge of a particle?

A

Specific charge = Charge of the particle/Mass of the particle

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5
Q

What do x-rays, alpha particles, beta particles, and gamma rays do in a cloud chamber?

A

Alpha particles leave broad straight lines, x-rays wide cloudy tracks, beta thin or slightly curved tracks, and gamma no trace at all

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6
Q

What happens in pair production?

A

Pair production is when a photon has enough energy to interact with a nucleus and form a particle - anti-particle pairing. To do this, the proton must have enough energy to create both of the particles

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7
Q

What happens in annihilation?

A

A particle - anti-particle pair meet and convert each other into gamma ray photons which are equal to the energies of the pair before they annihilated

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8
Q

What is the equation lambda = hc/E calculate?

A

The wavelength required of a photon in order to be able to interact with a nucleus and cause pair production. The E is determined by 2 x the rest mass of one of the particles of the pair being created

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9
Q

What is the equation to calculate the wavelength of a photon so that it has enough energy to carry out pair production?

A

lamda = hc/E

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10
Q

What is specific charge?

A

The charge per unit mass of a particle or set of particles e.g. a nucleus

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11
Q

What is the unit of specific charge?

A

C/kg - Coulombs per kilogram

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