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A&P 1 Exam 1 > Chapter 1 Part 1 > Flashcards

Chapter 1 Part 1 Flashcards

1
Q

Anatomy- Study of _______

A

Structure

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2
Q

3 subdivisions of anatomy

A
  1. gross/ macroscopic
  2. microscopic
  3. developmental
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3
Q

gross/macroscopic examples

A

regional, surface anatomy

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4
Q

microscopic examples

A

cytology and histology

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5
Q

developmental example

A

embryology

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6
Q

physiology- study of

A

the function of the body

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7
Q

anatomy and physiology are inseparable. _____ always reflects ______

A 
function
structure
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8
Q

6 levels of structural organization

A 
Chemical- atoms&molecules
cellular-cells
tissue-groups of similar cells
organ- 2 or more diff. tissues
organ system- organs working together
organismal-all organ systems
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9
Q

What organ system offers tissue protection and houses sweat and oil glands?

A

Integumentary

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10
Q

What organ system protects and supports organs, help causes movements, and forms RBCs?

A

Skeletal

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11
Q

What organ system maintains posture, allows movement, and produces heat?

A

Muscular

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12
Q

What organ system responds to internal or External changes by sending impulses to certain locations on the body?

A

Nervous

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13
Q

What organ system secretes hormones?

A

Endocrine

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14
Q

What organ system transports nutrients and oxygen through the body and pumps blood to the heart

A

Cardiovascular

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15
Q

What organ system is involved in immunity, cleans the body and houses wbcs?

A

Lymphatic

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16
Q

What organ system constantly keeps the blood supplied with oxygen and exchanges CO2?

A

Respiratory

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17
Q

What organ system breaks down food as energy?

A

Digestive

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18
Q

What organ system eliminates nitrogenous waste, regulates water and electrolyte levels?

A

Urinary

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19
Q

What organ system is for production of offspring?

A

Reproductive

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20
Q

Define homeostasis

A

When the body is at a state of equilibrium despite changes occurring using negative/ positive feedback

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21
Q

What are your three control mechanisms used in negative and positive feedback?

A

Receptor- monitors environment
Control center- determines set point, input from receiver
Effector- receives input from control center, provides means to respond to change

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22
Q

What does the control center do?

A

Determines the set point, receive input from receptor

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23
Q

What does the receptor do?

A

Monitors environment

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24
Q

What does the effector do?

A

Receive input form control center and provides the mean to respond to change

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25
Negative feedback is the most used mechanism in the body. T/F?
True
26
Negative feedback ______ original stimuli. The variable will change in the ______ direction
Reduces, opposite
27
Be able to list the steps to negative feedback regulation of blood glucose by insulin
1. Receptor sense increased blood sugar 2. Pancreas (Control center) secrete insulin into the blood 3. Insulin causes body cells to absorb glucose, decrease blood glucose level
28
___________ feedback enhances or exaggerated original stimulus
Positive
29
Positive feedback may cause a ____________ effect
Enhancing
30
Be able to list the positive feedback mechanism for platelet plug formation
- break occurs in BV - platelets adhere to site and release chemicals - chemicals attract more platelets - platelet plug is formed
31
What can occur if you have a disturbance in your homeostasis?
Increased risk of disease, control center is less efficient
32
Anatomical position is feet slightly apart, palms facing forward, and thumbs pointing away form the body. T/F
True
33
Right and left refer to the body being viewed, not those of the observer. T/F
True
34
Superior/cranial means
Toward the upper part of the body
35
Inferior means?
Toward the bottom of the body
36
VENTRAL/ anterior
Front of the body
37
Posterior/ dorsal
Back of the body
38
Medial
Toward the midline
39
Lateral
Farther away from the middle of the body
40
Intermediate
Between the midline and lateral aspects. Ex: armpit
41
Proximal
Closer to the point of attachment
42
Distal
Farther from the point of attachment
43
Superficial
Toward the skin, body surface
44
Deep/ internal
Away from body surface
45
A flat surface in which the body may be cut for anatomical position
Body plane
46
Three body planes are?
Sagittal Frontal / coronal Transverse
47
Sagittal splits the body how?
Between left and right
48
How does the frontal plane cut the body?
It divides the body between front and back
49
How does transverse plane split the body?
Between top and bottom
50
What are your internal two body cavities?
Dorsal and ventral
51
Your dorsal body cavity contains______ and ______
Cranial and vertebral
52
Viscera?
Lines internal organs
53
The ventral body cavity has two subdivisions, _____ and ____ separated by your ______
Thoracic, abdominopelvic, diaphragm
54
Your thoracic cavity has four cavities in it - two ______ - _________ - __________- encloses the heart
Pleural, mediastinum, pericardial
55
Your two pleural cavities surround?
A lung each
56
This thoracic cavity contains the pericardial cavity, and surrounds thoracic organs
Mediastinum
57
Your abdominopelvic cavity has two parts that are the
Abdomen and pelvic
58
This cavity contains the stomach, intestines, spleen, and liver
Abdomen
59
This cavity contains the urinary bladder reproductive organs in rectum
Pelvic
60
Serious membrane/ serosa is a
Thin, double layered membrane
61
What serosa lines the internal body cavity
Parietal
62
What serosa covers internal body organs?
Visceral
63
This Serosa is separated by a cavity filled with
Serous fluid
64
____ serosa for the heart
Pericardium
65
Serosa of the lungs?
Pleurae
66
______ serosa of the abdominopelvic cavity
Peritoneum

A&P 1 Exam 1 (2 decks)

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