Brainscape's Knowledge GenomeTM

Browse over 1 million classes created by top students, professors, publishers, and experts.


See full index

Human Anatomy & Physiology > Chapter 1: Organization of the Body > Flashcards

Chapter 1: Organization of the Body Flashcards

1
Q

________________ is the study of the structure of the body parts

A

Anatomy

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
2
Q

____________________ is the study of the function of body parts.

A

Physiology

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
3
Q

What are the nine levels of organization in the human body?

A
  1. atoms
  2. molecules
  3. macromolecules
  4. organelles
  5. cells
  6. tissues
  7. organs
  8. organ systems
  9. organism
How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
4
Q

Various terms are used to describe the location of body organs when the body is in the anatomical position. What is the anatomical position?

A

Standing erect with, face forward, arms at the sides, and palms and toes directed forward.

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
5
Q

Anterior / Posterior

A

Anterior meaning the front of the body

Posterior meaning back of the body

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
6
Q

Superior / Inferior

A

Superior meaning towards the head

Inferior meaning away from the head

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
7
Q

Medial / Lateral

A

Medial meaning towards the middle of the body

Lateral meaning towards the outside or far from the middle of the body.

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
8
Q

Proximal / Distal

A

Proximal meaning closer to the midline

Distal meaning Further from the middle

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
9
Q

Superficial / Deep

A

Superficial meaning closer to the outside

Deep closer to the interior

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
10
Q

Central / Peripheral

A

Central meaning the center of the organ or organism

Peripheral meaning at the edge of the organ or organisim

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
11
Q

Contralateral / Ipsilateral

A

Contralateral meaning structures located on opposite sides of the body
Ipsilateral meaning structures located on the same side of the body.

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
12
Q

The body can be divided into ______________ and ___________________ portions, each of which can be further subdivided into specific regions

A

The axial and appendicular regions

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
13
Q

The body or its parts can be sectioned along certain planes. A ________________ or ______________ (vertical) cut divides the body into equal right and left portions

A

Median or Midsagittal

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
14
Q

A ________________________ or ________________ section is a saggittal section parallel to the midline.

A

Parasagittal or paramedian

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
15
Q

A frontal (_______________) cut divides the body into anterior an posterior parts

A

Coronal

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
16
Q

A ______________(horizontal) cut is a cross section.

A

Transverse

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
17
Q

The human body has two major cavities: The ___________________ and the ____________________.

A

The Posterior (dorsal) Body Cavity and Anterior (ventral) Body Cavity

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
18
Q

Each of the two main body cavities the: the anterior and the posterior cavities is subdivided into smaller cavities, within which specific ___________________ are located.

A

Viscera

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
19
Q

Specific _______________ _________________ line body cavities and adhere to the organs within these cavities

A

Serous Membranes

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
20
Q

The human body has four ______________ _____________.

A

Organ Systems

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
21
Q

The eleven organ systems in the human body are:

A
  1. Integumentary (skin)
  2. Skeletal
  3. Muscular
  4. Nervous / Sensory
  5. Endocrine
  6. Blood / Cardiovascular
  7. Lymphatic
  8. Respiratory
  9. Digestive
  10. Urinary
  11. Reproductive
How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
22
Q

Support, movement and protection. The __________________ system, which includes the skin, protects the body

A

Integumentary

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
23
Q

The __________________ system contains the bones

A

Skeletal

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
24
Q

The _________________ system contains three types of muscles: smooth, skeletal, and cardiac

A

Muscular

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
25
Q

The primary function of _____________system and _____________ system is support and movement.

A

Skeletal and Muscular

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
26
Q

The __________________ contains the brain, the spinal cord, and nerves. Because the _____________________ communicates with both the sense organs and the muscles, it allows us to respond to outside stimuli.

A

The Nervous System

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
27
Q

The __________________ consist of the hormonal glands.

A

The Endocrine System

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
28
Q

The ________________________ and the _________________ coordinate and regulate the activities of the body’s other systems.

A

The Nervous and Endocrine Systems

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
29
Q

What five systems help to maintain the body

A
  1. Cardiovascular System
  2. Lymphatic System
  3. Respiratory System
  4. Digestive System
  5. Urinary System
How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
30
Q

What organs are included in the Cardiovascular System?

A

The heart and vessels

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
31
Q

What organs are included in the Lymphatic System?

A

Lymphatic Vessels, nodes, spleen and thymus

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
32
Q

What organs are included in the Respiratory System?

A

Lungs and conducting tubes

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
33
Q

What organs are included in the Digestive System?

A

Mouth, Esophagus, Stomach, Small and Large Intestines and associated Organs

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
34
Q

What organs are included in the Urinary System?

A

The Kidneys and Bladder

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
35
Q

What are the reproductive organs in the male species.

A

Testes, other glands and ducts, and penis

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
36
Q

What are the reproductive organs in the female speceies

A

Ovaries, uterine tubes, vagina and external genitalia.

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
37
Q

____________________ is the relative constancy of the body’s internal environment, which is composed of blood and tissue fluid that bathes the cells.

A

Homeostasis

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
38
Q

_____________________mechanisms help maintain homeostasis. _____________________ occurs in processes with a definite cutoff point.

A

negative feedback

Positive feedback

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
39
Q

All of the body’s organs systems contribute to _________________. Some, including the respiratory, digestive, and urinary systems, remove and or add substances to the blood.

A

Homeostasis

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
40
Q

The Nervous and endocrine systems regulate the activities of other systems. __________________ is a self-regulatory mechanism by which systems and conditions of the body are controlled.

A

Negative feedback.

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
41
Q

The chin is __________________ to the navel

A

The chin is SUPERIOR to the navel.

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
42
Q

Suppose a CT scan creates images showing transverse sections of the head in a migraine headache patient. Are these horizontal or vertical images?

A

The images of a transverse image is horizontal.

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
43
Q

ophthalmic

A

eye

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
44
Q

nasal

A

nose

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
45
Q

oral

A

mouth

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
46
Q

cervical

A

neck

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
47
Q

acromial deltoid

A

shoulder

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
48
Q

axilary

A

armpit

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
49
Q

brachial

A

arm

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
50
Q

antecubital

A

front of the elbow

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
51
Q

antebrachial

A

forearm

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
52
Q

carpal

A

wrist

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
53
Q

digital

A

finger

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
54
Q

coxal

A

hip

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
55
Q

femoral

A

thigh

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
56
Q

patellar

A

kneecap

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
57
Q

crural

A

leg

58
Q

pes, pedal

A

foot

59
Q

cephalic

A

head

60
Q

frontal

A

forehead

61
Q

orbital

A

eye cavity

62
Q

buccal

A

cheek

63
Q

mental

A

chin

64
Q

sternal

A

sternum

65
Q

pectoral

A

chest

66
Q

mammary

A

breast

67
Q

abdominal

A

abdomen

68
Q

umbilical

A

navel

69
Q

pelvic

A

pelvic

70
Q

inguinal

A

groin

71
Q

public

A

genital

72
Q

tarsal

A

ankel

73
Q

dorsum of the

A

foot

74
Q

digital

A

toe

75
Q

cranial

A

surrounding the brain

76
Q

auricular, otic

A

ear

77
Q

thoracic

A

back of the sternal, pectoral, mammary

78
Q

vertebral

A

spinal column

79
Q

cubital, olecranal

A

elbow

80
Q

sacral

A

sacral (triangle at base of spinal colomn

81
Q

gluteal

A

buttock

82
Q

dorsum of the hand

A

hand

83
Q

sural

A

calf

84
Q

calcaneal

A

heel

85
Q

occipital

A

back of head

86
Q

deltoid

A

shoulder

87
Q

lumbar

A

lower back

88
Q

manus

A

hand

89
Q

perineal

A

rectum / anus

90
Q

popleteal

A

back of the knee

91
Q

planter

A

sole of the foot

92
Q

abdominal cavity

A

portion of the body between the diaphragm and the pelvis

93
Q

pertaining to the abdominal and pelvic

A

abdominopelvic cavity

94
Q

standard body positon in which the person is erect, with body , head arms palms and feet facing forward

A

anatomical position

95
Q

pertaining to the front, the opposite of posterior

A

anterior

96
Q

pertaining to the upper limbs (arm) and lower limbs (leg)

A

appendicular portion

97
Q

pertaining to the bodies axis

A

axial portion

98
Q

smallest unit of matter

A

atoms

99
Q

structural and functional unit of an organism, smallest structure capable of performing all the functions necessary for life.

A

cells

100
Q

situated at the center of the body of an organ

A

central

101
Q

structures located on opposite sides of the body

A

contralateral

102
Q

hollow space in the cranium containing the brain

A

cranial cavity

103
Q

located away from the surface of the body or organ

A

deep

104
Q

sheet of muscle that separates the thoracic cavity from the abdominopelvic cavity

A

diaphragm

105
Q

away from the midline or origin of the body opposite of proximal

A

distal

106
Q

external layer of the pericardium , consisting of fibrous tissue

A

fibrous pericardium

107
Q

the plane or sections that divides a structure lengthwise into anterior and posterior portions; pertain to the region of the forehead

A

frontal plane

108
Q

constancy of conditions, particularly the environment of the blood cells; constant temperature, blood pressure, pH, and other body conditions

A

homeostasis

109
Q

situated below something else; pertaining to the lower surface of a part

A

inferior

110
Q

structures located on the same side of the body ie right hand / right foot

A

ipsilateral

111
Q

pertaining to the side

A

lateral

112
Q

a large molecule composed of smaller molecules ie amino acides(molecule) combining to form proteins(macromolecules)

A

macromolecules

113
Q

near or towards the midline

A

Medial

114
Q

tissue mass located between the lungs

A

mediastinum

115
Q

protective membranous covering around the brain and spinal cord

A

meninges

116
Q

smallest quantity of substance that retains its chemical properties: ie:

A

molecules

117
Q

Mechanism that is activated by a surplus imbalance and acts to correct it by stopping the process that brought about the surplus

A

negative feedback

118
Q

structure consisting of a group of tissues that perform a specialized function; a component of an organ system

A

organ

119
Q

Part of a cell that performs a specialized funtion

A

organelles

120
Q

an individual living thing

A

organism

121
Q

a group of related organs working together

A

organ system

122
Q

outer layer of the two layers of the serous pericardium, lining the fibrous pericardium

A

parietal pericarium

123
Q

lines the abdominal and pelvic walls and the inferior surface of the thoracic diaphragm

A

parietal peritoneum

124
Q

membrane that lines the inner wall of the thoracic cavity

A

parietal pleurae

125
Q

serous membrane that covers the inner body wall.

A

parietal serous membrane

126
Q

hollow place within the ring formed by the sacrum and the coxal bones

A

pelvic cavity

127
Q

cavity around the heart created by pericardial sac

A

pericardial cavity

128
Q

situated away from the center of the body or organ

A

peripheral

129
Q

serous membrane that lines the abdominopelvic cavity and encloses the abdominal viscera

A

peritoneum

130
Q

Serous membrane that covers the lungs and lines the walls of the chest and the diaphragm

A

pleurae

131
Q

process by which changes cause more changes of a similar type, producing unstable conditions.

A

positive feedback

132
Q

toowards the back of the body opposite of the anterior

A

posterior

133
Q

closer to the midline or origin, opposite of distal

A

proximal

134
Q

plane or section that divides a structure into right and left portions

A

sagittal plane

135
Q

sac that holds the testes

A

scrotum

136
Q

fluid that helps to keep things from rubbing together

found in the space between the visceral and parietal pleurae

A

serous fluid

137
Q

the membrane that covers internal organs and lines cavities lacking an opening to the outside of the body; also call serosa

A

serous membrane

138
Q

light -yellow liquid left after clotting of the blood

A

serum

139
Q

Near the surface

A

superficial

140
Q

toward the upper part of a structure or toward the head.

A

superior

141
Q

hollow space within the chest

A

thoracic cavity

142
Q

group of similar cells that performs a specialized function

A

tissue

Human Anatomy & Physiology (1 decks)

Brainscape helps you reach your goals faster, through stronger study habits.
© 2024 Bold Learning Solutions. Terms and Conditions