Chapter 1 - Organization of Matter

Question 1

What are the 3 things you need to know to accurately represent the Rutherford-Bohr atomic model?

Answer 1

• the atomic number of the element
• in which period of the periodic table the element is found
• in which group of the periodic table the element is found

Question 2

What does the atomic number represent in the Rutherford-Bohr atomic model?

Answer 2

It indicates the total number of protons and electrons

Question 3

What does the period number of the element represent in the Rutherford-Bohr atomic model?

Answer 3

The number of electron shells drawn around the nucleus

Question 4

What does the group number of the element represent in the Rutherford-Bohr atomic model?

Answer 4

The number of electrons on the last electron shell

Question 5

What are the steps to drawing a Rutherford-Bohr atomic model?

Answer 5

1. Draw the nucleus
2. Indicate the number of protons in the nucleus
3. Draw the electron shells
4. Draw the electrons on the electron shell

Question 6

Based on the number of electrons on the last electron shell of an ion using the Rutherford-Bohr atomic model, what would I do if there were less than 4 valence electrons?

Answer 6

The last electron shell will lose all the electrons

Question 7

Based on the number of electrons on the last electron shell of an ion using the Rutherford-Bohr atomic model, what would I do if there were more than 4 valence electrons?

Answer 7

The last electron shell will gain electrons to fill the electron shell completely

Question 8

Based on the number of electrons on the last electron shell of an ion using the Rutherford-Bohr atomic model, what would I do if there were 4 valence electrons?

Answer 8

The last electron shell will either gain or lose electrons

Question 9

Based on the number of electrons on the last electron shell of an ion using the Rutherford-Bohr atomic model, what would I do if there were 8 valence electrons?

Answer 9

It will stay the same

Question 10

What are the steps to drawing an ion using the Rutherford-Bohr atomic model?

Answer 10

1. Draw the nucleus
2. Indicate the number of protons in the nucleus
3. Draw the electron shells
4. Draw the electrons on the electron shell
5. Remove or add electrons from the last shell

Question 11

How can ion be stable?

Answer 11

The last layer has to be full

Question 12

What do you need to know to calculate the ionic charge of an element?

Answer 12

• the atomic number of the element

- in which group the element is in

Question 13

Why do you need the atomic number of the element to calculate the ionic charge?

Answer 13

To indicate the number of protons and electrons

Question 14

Why do you need the group in which the element is in to calculate the ionic charge?

Answer 14

To indicate the number of valence electrons

Question 15

How many valence electrons are in group 1? What will happen to the elements in that group when becoming an ion? What will be the charge?

Answer 15

1- one valence electron
2- they will lose one electron
3- charge of +1

Question 16

How many valence electrons are in group 2? What will happen to the elements in that group when becoming an ion? What will be the charge?

Answer 16

1- two valence electrons
2- they will lose two electrons
3- charge if 2+

Question 17

How many valence electrons are in group 3? What will happen to the elements in that group when becoming an ion? What will be the charge?

Answer 17

1- three valence electrons
2- they will lose three electrons
3- charge of 3+

Question 18

How many valence electrons are in group 4? What will happen to the elements in that group when becoming an ion? What will be the charge?

Answer 18

1- four valence electrons
2- they will lose or gain four electrons
3- charge of 4+ or 4-

Question 19

How many valence electrons are in group 5? What will happen to the elements in that group when becoming an ion? What will be the charge?

Answer 19

1- five valence electrons
2- they will gain three electrons
3- charge of 3-

Question 20

How many valence electrons are in group 6? What will happen to the elements in that group when becoming an ion? What will be the charge?

Answer 20

1- six valence electrons
2- they will gain two electrons
3- charge of 2-

Question 21

How many valence electrons are in group 7? What will happen to the elements in that group when becoming an ion? What will be the charge?

Answer 21

1- seven valence electrons
2- they will gain 1 electron
3- charge of 1-

Question 22

How many valence electrons are in group 8? What will happen to the elements in that group when becoming an ion?

Answer 22

1- eight valence electrons

2- they will not gain or lose electrons

Question 23

What is an ion?

Answer 23

An atom that has lost or gained electrons to acquire stability

Question 24

What do we need to know to represent an atom using the Lewis notation?

Answer 24

• the chemical symbol

- in which group the element is in

Question 25

What are the steps to drawing an element using the Lewis notation?

Answer 25

1- Write the chemical symbol of the element

2- Draw the valence electrons around the chemical symbol

Question 26

What does the group in which the element is in represent in the Lewis notation?

Answer 26

It represents the number of valence electrons

Question 27

Is a period horizontal or vertical?

H = →→→ V= ↑ ↑ ↑

Answer 27

horizontal

Question 28

Is a group horizontal or vertical?

H = →→→ V= ↑ ↑ ↑

Answer 28

vertical