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Optician > Chapter 1: Ocular Anatomy > Flashcards

Chapter 1: Ocular Anatomy Flashcards

1
Q

Visible Spectrum

A

ROY G BIV
(Red, Orange, yellow, Green, blue, indigo, Violet)
Red light at the longest end of the spectrum and violet light at the shorter end

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2
Q

Crystalline Lens

A

Behind the pupil

Purpose of the lenses to focus late on the retina

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3
Q

Anterior chamber

A

Volume between the cornea and iris

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4
Q

Hyperopia

A

Farsightedness occurs if I is too short or the curve of the cornea is too flat causing light rays to focus behind the retina
Correct w/ (+) lenses

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5
Q

Rods

A
  • Highly sensitive to light and there are about 120 million rods contained within the retina
  • Suited for night vision and peripheral vision
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6
Q

Antimetropia

A

An extreme case of anisometropia where one eye is Myropic and the other is hyperopic

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7
Q

Vitreous humor

A

-Vitreous chamber is filled with a thicker gel like substance -maintains the shape of the eye

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8
Q

Refraction

A
  • As light moves from one transparent medium to another at any angle other than perpendicular to the material surface the change in speed will also result in a change in direction
  • allows the creation of optical lenses that alter the path or focus of light
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9
Q

Inferior Oblique

A

Moves the eye outward and upward

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10
Q

Prentice’s Rule

A

States that prism in diopters 🔼 is equal to decentration distance in centimeters multiplied by the lens power

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11
Q

Dilator Muscle

A
  • Iris muscle

- Opens the pupil allowing more light into the eye

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12
Q

Emmetropia

A

An eye free of refractive errors

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13
Q

Diplopia

A

-difficulty w/ fusion can cause double vision or cause the brain to “turn off” one image in an effort to eliminate diplopia

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14
Q

Suppression

A

The later is known as this condition

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15
Q

Presbyopia

A

Condition where the crystalline lens is unable to add sufficient power to focus at near

Correct w/ (+) lens, reading glasses or magnifying devices

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16
Q

Sphincter Muscle

A

Closes the pupil, restricting light into the eye

17
Q

Amblyopia

Lazy eye

A

The brain will often suppress the vision of the blurrier eye in this condition

18
Q

Accommodation

A

Process of focusing on objects based on their distance

19
Q

Anisometropia

A

A condition in which the two eyes have unequal refraction power
(Same + or -)

20
Q

Prism

A

Can be used to correct vision for an individual whose eyes are not perfectly aligned

21
Q

Wavelength

A

The distance between two corresponding points on two consecutive waves

22
Q

Tropia

A

When the eye has a definite or obvious training from its normal position

23
Q

Phoria

A
  • When the eye has a tendency to turn from its normal position
  • EX: when patient is tired
24
Q

Medial rectus

A

Moves I inward towards the nose

25
Q

Myopia

A

Nearsightedness occurs if the eye is longer than normal or The curve of the cornea is too steep causing light rays to focus in front of the retina

Correct w/ (-) lenses

26
Q

360 or 180 Method

A

-When a lens is viewed from the front, a prism w/ a base direction to the right becomes
O: (base in for the right eye, base out for the left eye)

  • labs use this method for describing base direction
27
Q

Prescribers method

A

Specifics the direction if the prism in terms of the base using base-up base-down bass-in and base-out

28
Q

Fovea

A

Center of the retina

29
Q

Strabismus

A
  • Eyes are not aligned the right and left see different images resulting in blurred and double vision
  • Sometimes the brain can shut off when I attempt to remedy the vision resulting in molecular vision and loss of depth perception
30
Q

Vitreous Chamber

A

The greatest volume forming about 4/5 of the eye is found between the retina and lens

31
Q

Stroma

A
  • Middle layer of the cornea between the two membranes

- makes up 90% of the thickness of the cornea

32
Q

Aqueous humor

A
  • Both chambers contain this fluid

- Watery fluid produced by the ciliary body

33
Q

Inferior rectus

A

Moves the eye downward and slightly inward

34
Q

Posterior chamber

A

Volume between the iris and the lens

35
Q

Cones

A
  • Primary function of detail and color detection

- 6 million cones within the retina

36
Q

Astigmatism

A

Occurs when the cornea has an oblong football like sheep in one or more directions causing light rays to focus on more than one point on the retina

(Correct w/ Cyl Power on Correct Axis

37
Q

Superior oblique

A

Moves that Eye upward and downward

38
Q

Superior rectus

A

Moster Eye upward and slightly outward

39
Q

Lateral rectus

A

Moves that Eye outward and away from the nose

Optician (1 decks)

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