Chapter 1- Nomenclature

Question 1

methyl

Answer 1

-CH3

Question 2

ethyl

Answer 2

-CH2CH3

Question 3

n-propyl

Answer 3

-CH2CH2CH3

Question 4

alkane

Answer 4

simple hydrocarbon molecules with single bonds.

Question 5

number of carbon names

Answer 5

1- methane 2- ethane 3- propane 4- butane 5- pentane 6- hexane 7- heptane 8- octane

Question 6

alkene

Answer 6

double bonds

Question 7

alkyne

Answer 7

triple bonds

Question 8

hydroxyl group

Answer 8

-OH (2 -OH groups make a diol or glycol)

Question 9

geminal diols

Answer 9

diols on the same carbon (gemini twins)

Question 10

vicinal diols

Answer 10

diols on nearby carbons (same vicinity)

Question 11

common names for methanal, ethanal, and propanal

Answer 11

1. methanal- formaldehyde 2. ethanal- acetaldehyde 3. propanal- propionaldehyde

Question 12

ester

Answer 12

carboxylic acid derivative where (-OH) is replaced with alkoxy group (-OR) R=hydrocarbon chain.

Question 13

amide

Answer 13

carboxylic acid derivative where (-OH) is replaced by amino group (nitrogen-containing)

Question 14

anhydrides

Answer 14

carboxylic acid derivative where a water molecule is removed and a bond is formed b/w two carboxylic acid molecules. (typically O in the middle of chain)

Question 15

Tert-butyl

Answer 15

Question 16

Neopentyl

Answer 16

Question 17

Isopropyl structure define its form

Answer 17

Question 18

Sec- butyl, how many carbons and draw the structure

Answer 18

Question 19

Carboxylic acid

Answer 19

highest fuctional group

Question 20

Priority of Functional groups

Answer 20

Carboxylic Acid > anhydrides > esters > amides > aldehydes > Ketones > alcholes >alkenes >alkynes > alkanes