Chapter 1: Neural Control Of Eye Movements

Question 0

What is the primary action of the medial rectus?

Answer 0

Moves eyes inward.

Question 1

What are the 6 extraocular muscles?

Answer 1

Medial rectus
Lateral rectus
Superior rectus
Inferior rectus
Superior oblique 
Inferior oblique

Question 2

What is the primary action of the lateral rectus?

Answer 2

Moves eyes outward.

Question 3

What is the primary action of the superior rectus?

Answer 3

Moves eyes upward.

Secondary: rotates top of eye toward nose.

Question 4

What is the primary action of the inferior rectus?

Answer 4

Moves eye downward.

Secondary: rotates top of eye away from nose.

Question 5

What is the primary action of the superior oblique?

Answer 5

Rotates top of eye toward nose.

Secondary: moves eye downward.

Question 6

What is the primary action of the inferior oblique?

Answer 6

Rotates top of the eye away from nose.

Secondary: moves eye upward.

Question 7

What is the cranial nerve innervation of the medial rectus EOM?

Answer 7

Cn III - oculomotor

Question 8

What is the cranial nerve innervation of the lateral rectus EOM?

Answer 8

CN VI - abducens

Question 9

What is the cranial nerve innervation of the superior rectus EOM?

Answer 9

CN III - oculomotor

Question 10

What is the cranial nerve innervation of the inferior rectus EOM?

Answer 10

CN III - oculomotor

Question 11

What is the cranial nerve innervation of the superior oblique EOM?

Answer 11

CN IV - trochlear

Question 12

What is the cranial nerve innervation of the inferior oblique EOM?

Answer 12

CN III - oculomotor

Question 13

What are the primary premotor structures?

Answer 13

Medial longitudinal fasiculus 
Superior colliculus 
Superior and lateral vestibular nuclei
Lateral vestibular nucleus 
Pontine excitatory burst neurons 
Medial vestibular nucleus 
Repositus hypoglossal (PPH)

Question 14

What is the function of the medial longitudinal fasiculus?

Answer 14

Central conduit to the motor nuclei for coordinated and synchronized eye movements

Question 15

What is the function of the superior colliculus?

Answer 15

Generates quick eye movements for orienting to visual or auditory stimuli

Question 16

What is the function of the superior and lateral vestibular nuclei?

Answer 16

Plays a major role in the generation of the VOR and optokinetic nystagmus.

Question 17

What is the function of the lateral vestibular nucleus?

Answer 17

Fixes images with head stable and environment moving

Question 18

What is the function of the pontine excitatory burst neurons?

Answer 18

Generates s ballistic eye movements for acquisition of visual target

Question 19

What is the function of the medial vestibular nucleus

Answer 19

Stabilizes images during head movement and stabilizes environment

Question 20

What is the function of the repositus hypoglossal (PPH)

Answer 20

Holds a forever on the fovea

Question 21

What eye movements are associated with the medial longitudinal fasiculus?

Answer 21

Involved in all classes of eye movements

Question 22

What eye movements are associated with the superior colliculus?

Answer 22

Saccades

Question 23

What eye movements are associated with the superior and lateral vestibular nuclei?

Answer 23

VOR and optokinetic

Question 24

What eye movements are associated with the lateral vestibular nucleus

Answer 24

Optokinetic

Question 25

What eye movements are associated with the pontine excitatory burst neurons

Answer 25

Saccade

Question 26

What eye movements are associated with the medial vestibular nucleus?

Answer 26

VOR

Question 27

What eye movements are associated with the repositus hypoglossal (PPH)?

Answer 27

Together with the MVN (medial vestibular nuclei) it participates in horizontal gaze-holding.

Question 28

What three factors affect our ability to see in detail?

Answer 28

1. Where the target is located 2. Whether the target is moving or stationary 3. Whether the observer is moving or stationary

Question 29

What two types of receptor cells are found in retina?

Answer 29

Rods | Cones

Question 30

Where are cones located?

Answer 30

In and around the fovea, making it the part of the eye with highest spatial sensitivity and the part responsible for visual acuity

Question 31

What three components can the OMS be organized into?

Answer 31

Motor system Premotor system Type of eye movement system