Chapter 1 (Midterm) Flashcards

1
Q

Define evidence-based practice

A

The USE of the best evidence in making patient decisions

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
2
Q

Nursing practice that uses research findings as a

A

BASIS for nurses’ decisions
ACTIONS and INTERACTIONS with clients

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
3
Q

What is the purpose of using evidence-based practice?

A

To find the best possible care to the most people that is most cost-effective

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
4
Q

Consumers of nursing research

A

Reads and incorporates research into practice by SEARCHING FOR RESEARCH IN CREDIBLE LITERATURE

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
5
Q

Producers of nursing research include (2)

A

Academics
Clinical usage

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
6
Q

How can research members participate in collecting data and information?

A

Invitation to participate in the study contributes to patient advocacy (can choose to be involved in the study)

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
7
Q

Journal clubs are the

A

Dissemination of research (publishing to the internet, journal publications, conferences, presentations, sharing research)

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
8
Q

Peer-reviewal

A

Read through research to make corrections without knowing author to evaluate research findings

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
9
Q

Principle investigator

A

Search for research evidence

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
10
Q

How did Florence Nightingale contribute to evidence-based practice

A

First example of the use of nursing research, MOST NOTED FOR DATA COLLECTION AND ANALYSIS

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
11
Q

What was formed MID 20th century to help disseminate information?

A

Journal of Nursing Research

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
12
Q

What was established in the 1960s that led to the emergence of PRACTICE-ORIENTED RESEARCH

A

Health Resources and Services Administration

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
13
Q

Clinical research became increasingly important in what year? What was established during that time?

A

1980s, the National Center of Nursing Research

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
14
Q

What is the function of the National Institute for Nursing Research (NINR)

A

Supports CLINICAL AND BASIC RESEARCH (analyzing different types of the same class of medication)

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
15
Q

What is extramural research?

A

Sponsors that research with OUTSIDE investigators at colleges, universities, and other research sites

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
16
Q

What is intramural research?

A

Conducts its OWN research at NIH

17
Q

What are systematic reviews?

A

Collects and critically analyzes multiple research studies

18
Q

Magnet Status

A

Applies the BEST AND MOST RECENT research findings

19
Q

Tradition vs Authority

A

Tradition: custom, “unit culture”
Authorities: person with specialized expertise, nursing faculty, textbook authors

20
Q

Clinical nursing experience / Trial & error (2)

A

1) Personal experience
2) Too narrow to be generally useful

21
Q

Assembled information (2)

A

1) Benchmarking data that provides rates (ie: rates of nosocomial infection)
2) Quality improvement and risk data

22
Q

Disciplined research (2)

A

EBP uses RIGOROUS RESEARCH-BASED FINDINGS

23
Q

What is a paradigm?

A

World view, general perspectives of the real world

24
Q

What are assumptions?

A

Principle beliefs to be true WITHOUT verification

25
What are the key paradigms for nursing research?
1) Positivist paradigm (QUANtitative) 2) Constructivist paradigm (QUALItative)
26
Positivist paradigm (3)
1) Real, natural causes 2) Tests the hypothesis using DEDUCTION 3) QUANTItative: measurable, statistic
27
Constructivist paradigm (3)
1) Subjective 2) Generates the hypothesis using INDUCTION 3) QUALItative: narrative information
28
Quantitative (4)
1) Collect and analyze numeric information 2) Series of steps, CONTROLS the research 3) Gathers empirical evidence (objective, measurable) 4) Purpose: to describe
29
Generalizability (QUANtitative)
Findings generalized to individuals other than those who participated in the research (to compare to larger populations)
30
Qualitative (3)
1) Narrative and subjective 2) Looks for people with relative information and experience (smaller sample size) 3) Purpose: to explore
31
What is the goal of both paradigms?
Answer research questions
32
Both paradigms are similar in gathering what type of evidence?
External evidence is gathered empirically (through the senses)
33
What constraint do both paradigms have?
Ethical constraints
34
Possible issues to both paradigms (3)
1) Limitations 2) Financial constraints 3) No single study can produce an answer
35
What are the 5 classification schemes in nursing research?
1) Identification 2) Description 3) Exploration 4) Prediction and control 5) Explanation
36
Which classification schemes use both QUANtitative and QUALitative research?
Description Exploration Explanation
37
Define how quality and quantity is defined in the 'exploration' classification scheme
Quality: full nature of the cause Quantity: causing factors