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Analytical Chemistry > Chapter 1: Measurements > Flashcards

Chapter 1: Measurements Flashcards

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1
Q

length base unit

A

meter

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2
Q

what is the base unit for mass

A

kilogram

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3
Q

what is the base unit for time

A

seconds

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4
Q

what is the base unit for temperature

A

kelvin

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5
Q

amount of a substance

A

mole

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6
Q

what is the base unit for electric current

A

ampere

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7
Q

tera

A

10^12

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8
Q

giga

A

10^9

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9
Q

what is mega

A

10^6

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10
Q

kilo

A

10^3

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11
Q

hecto

A

10^2

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12
Q

deca

A

10^1

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13
Q

deci

A

10^-1

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14
Q

centi

A

10^2

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15
Q

mili

A

10^-3

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16
Q

micro

A

10^-6

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17
Q

nano

A

10^-9

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18
Q

pico

A

10^12

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19
Q

what is a solution

A

a homoegenous mixture of two or more substances

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20
Q

what is a solute

A

a minor species in solution

21
Q

what is the solvent

A

the major species in the solution

22
Q

what is a mole

A

avogadro;s number of particles

23
Q

what is the formula mass

A

“molar mass of a strong electrolyte

24
Q

what is molarity

A

mol/L

25
Q

what is molality (m)

A

mol/Kg

26
Q

what is an electrolyte

A

a substance that disocciates into ions

27
Q

what is a strong/weak electrolyte

A

strong- mostly dissociates into ions
weak-partially dissociates

28
Q

what is the formal concentration (F)

A

the molarity of a substance if it were not converted into the other species in a solution

29
Q

formula for weight %

A

mass of solute/ mass of total solution x100

30
Q

formula for volume percent

A

volume of solute/ volume of total solution x100

31
Q

parts per million equation (ppm)

A

mass of substance / mass of sample x10^6

32
Q

parts per billion equation

A

mass of substance / mass of sample x10^9

33
Q

what is the relationship between density and ppm or ppb

A

1 ppm = 1mg/L
1 ppb= 1micro/L

34
Q

what is a titrant

A

added to the analyte until the rxn is complete

35
Q

what is the endpoint

A

noticed by solution, physical property change

36
Q

what is the equivalence point

A

stoichiometric equivalence of titrant/ analyte

37
Q

primary and secondary standards

A

used directly where the exact amount is calculated and weighted

38
Q

direct and back titration

A

using excess amount of titrant

39
Q

blank titration

A

titration without the presence of analyte

40
Q

gravimetric titration

A

titrant is measure by mass rather than volume

41
Q

what is distillation

A

water is boiled to separate it from less volatile impurities (volatile= produces a vapor pressure)

42
Q

what is deionization

A

water is passed through a column that removes ionic impurities

43
Q

how do you prepare a solution of low conc. from a more conc. solution

A

use the formula
Mconc x Vconc = Mdilute x Vdilute
* make sure the units are the same on both sides*

44
Q

gravimetric analysis

A

measures the mass of a substance to complete analysis

45
Q

volumetric analysis

A

measures the volume of material needed to react with analyte

46
Q

what is the limiting reagent

A

species that is consumed first

47
Q

what happens once the limiting reagent is done

A

the reaction ceases

48
Q

how do you find the limiting reactant

A
  1. find the number of moles of each reagent
  2. compare the moles present to the moles required

Analytical Chemistry (7 decks)

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