Chapter 1 Matter In Our Surroundings Flashcards
What is matter?
Matter is anything which occupies space and has mass.
What is matter made up of?
Atoms.
Characteristics of particles of matter?
They are very small.
They have interparticle spaces between them.
They posses kinetic energy.
They attract each other.
What is brownian motion?
The zig zag movement of particles of called br motion.
What is diffusion and what factors affect it?
The intermixing of particles is called diffusion.
Factors affecting -
1 density r is directly proportional to sq root of graham’s law.
2 temperature more temp increases kinetic energy
3 pressure
How do you convert c to kelvin and kelvin to c?
C to k add 273
K to c subtract 273
What is melting and vaporisation?
Melting is the conversion of solid into liquid.
Vaporisation is liquid into gas.
What is condensation and freezing?
C - the process of gas into liquid by cooling
F - the process of changing liquid into solid by cooling
What is latent heat?
The hidden energy of a substance
What is sublimation and give some examples of sublimates.
Solid directly changing into gas, they change because their intermolecular force of attraction is very weak. Examples- naphthalene balls, iodine, ammonium chloride
What is evaporation? And what factors affect it?
Evaporation is a surface phenomenon. Particles from surface gain enough energy to break force of attraction and change into vapour.
Factors - temperature, humidity, wind speed and surface area of the liquid.
Why evaporation causes cooling and give examples.
It causes cooling because when liquid evaporates it takes the latent heat from the surroundings which results in cooling. Examples - relief under fan, hot tea from saucer rather than cup ( because more surface area, faster evaporation).
Which produces more severe burns, boiling water or steam?
Steam. Because it absorbs latent heat of Vaporisation.
