Chapter 1: Matter and Measurement

Question 1

Anything that has mass and takes up volume

Answer 1

Matter

Question 2

3 common states for matter

Answer 2

solid
liquid
gas

Question 3

Composed of highly organized particles that lie close together. Has a definite shape and volume

Answer 3

solid state

Question 4

Composed of particles that lie close together but are less organized than the solid state. Has a definite volume but not a definite shape

Answer 4

liquid state

Question 5

Composed of highly disorganized particles that lie far apart. Has no definite shape or volume.

Answer 5

gas state

Question 6

Matter is classified in two categories

Answer 6

Pure substance

Mixture

Question 7

Composed of a single component with a constant composition.

Answer 7

Pure substance

Question 8

A pure substance can be either __ or __

Answer 8

element

compound

Question 9

Cannot be broken down into simpler substances

Answer 9

element

Question 10

Formed by combining two or more elements

Answer 10

compound

Question 11

Composed of more than one component and its composition can vary depending on the sample

Answer 11

mixture

Question 12

Base unit in metric system for length

Answer 12

meter (m)

Question 13

Base unit in metric system for mass

Answer 13

gram (g)

Question 14

Base unit in metric system for volume

Answer 14

liter (L)

Question 15

Base unit in metric system for time

Answer 15

second (s)

Question 16

Name symbol, meaning, numerical value and scientific notation for mega-

Answer 16

M, million, (1,000,000), 10 to the 6th

Question 17

Name symbol, meaning, numerical value and scientific notation for kilo-

Answer 17

k, thousand, (1,000), 10 to the 3rd

Question 18

Name symbol, meaning, numerical value and scientific notation for deci-

Answer 18

d, tenth, (0.1), 10 to the minus 1

Question 19

Name symbol, meaning, numerical value and scientific notation for centi-

Answer 19

c, hundredth, (0.01), 10 to the minus 2

Question 20

Name symbol, meaning, numerical value and scientific notation for milli-

Answer 20

m, thousandth, (0.001), 10 to the minus 3

Question 21

Name symbol, meaning, numerical value and scientific notation for micro

Answer 21

u, millionth, (0.000 001), 10 to the minus 6

Question 22

Name symbol, meaning, numerical value and scientific notation for nano-

Answer 22

n, billionth, (0.000 000 001), 10 to the minus 9

Question 23

Significant figures are all digits in a measured number including one __ digit

Answer 23

estimated

Question 24

All __ digits are significant

Answer 24

nonzero

Question 25

A zero is significant only if it occurs between two ___digits or at the end of a number with a __

Answer 25

nonzero | decimal point

Question 26

A trailing zero in a number without a decimal point is A. not considered significant B. considered significant

Answer 26

A. not considered significant

Question 27

In multiplying and dividing with significant figures, the answer has the same number of significant figures as the original number with the __ significant figures

Answer 27

fewest

Question 28

In adding or subtracting with significant figures, the answer has the same number of ___as the original number with the ___.

Answer 28

decimal places | fewest

Question 29

When writing a standard number into scientific notation y x 10 to the x power, moving the decimal point to the left, indicate it is a __ number A. positive B. negative

Answer 29

A. positive

Question 30

When writing a standard number into scientific notation, y x 10 to the x power, moving the decimal point to the right, indicates it is a__ number A. positive B. negative

Answer 30

B. negative

Question 31

To convert a number in scientific notation to a standard number, move the decimal point to the right for ___exponents. A. positive B. negative

Answer 31

A. positive

Question 32

To convert a number in scientific notation to a standard number, move the decimal point to the left for ___exponents. A. positive B. negative

Answer 32

B. negative

Question 33

Physical property reported in g/mL or g/cc that relates the mass of an object to its volume.

Answer 33

density

Question 34

A __ dense substance floats on top of a more dense liquid

Answer 34

less

Question 35

Unitless quantity that relates the density of a substance to the density of water.

Answer 35

specific gravity

Question 36

Since density of water is ___g/mL at common temperatures, the specific gravity of a substance equals its density but it contains no units

Answer 36

1.00

Question 37

1 kg = __lb

Answer 37

2.21

Question 38

1 gallon = __ L

Answer 38

3.8

Question 39

1 gallon = __ quarts

Answer 39

4

Question 40

1L = __qt

Answer 40

1.06

Question 41

The zero point on the ___ scale is called absolute zero

Answer 41

Kelvin

Question 42

On the __ scale, water freezes at 32 degrees and boils at 212

Answer 42

Fahrenheit

Question 43

On the ___scale, water freezes at 0 degrees and boils at 100 degrees

Answer 43

Celsius