Chapter 1: Matter and Measurement Flashcards
What is an Element?
Simplest form of matter
Ca, O, H
What are atoms?
Smallest unit into which an element can be divided w/o losing its identity
What are molecules?
Two or more atoms joined together in an arrangement
What is matter?
Anything that occupies space and has mass
How do we classify matter?
By physical form, composition and properties
What are examples of physical form
Solid, liquid and gas
What are two examples of composition?
Pure substance and matter
What is a Pure substance?
Consists of one type of particle, matter made up all of the same type of atom.
can a pure substance be an element or compound?
Yes
What are types of mixtures?
Homogenous and heterogenous
What is a homogenous mixture?
Has uniform composition, smooth blended coffee
What is a heterogenous mixture?
not uniform, cereal on top of milk
Decantation
separation of solid/liquid by pouring off liquid to leave solid behind
Distallation
Seperation of two liquids w/ diff boiling points
Extraction
removal of a substance by force or miscibility ( when a liquid dissolves into another)
Filtration
seperation of s/l or s/g mixture by using a filter that permits fluid to pass through but keep the solid particles
Sieving
seperation of a mixture by particle size. sieving powdered sugar
What are the types of changes in matter?
Physical and chemical
What is physical change
change that alters the state or appearance w/out changing composition
Examples of physical change?
Boiling, melting, freezing, flattening, ripping
What is chemical change
change that alters composition of matter. rusting, burning, etc.
What is an intensive property
result is not based on amount of matter. Temp, luster, boiling point
What is an extensive property
result is determined by amount of matter. Weight, mass, volume
What is the Kinetic molecular Theory
” matter consists of tiny particles in constant motion”
macroscale particles
human eye can see
microscale particles
need microscope, plant and animal cells
Nanoscale particles
atoms and molecules, need microscope
Law of constant Composition
The law of constant composition says that, in any particular chemical compound, all samples of that compound will be made up of the same elements in the same proportion or ratio.
