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Chemistry > Chapter 1 Matter And Change > Flashcards

Chapter 1 Matter And Change Flashcards

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0
Q

What is a chemical?

A

Any substance that has a definite composition

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1
Q

What is chemistry?

A

The study of the composition, structure, and properties of matter.

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2
Q

What is matter?

A

Anything that has mass and takes up space. Anything BUT energy.

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3
Q

What are the two types of properties?

A

Extensive and intensive

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4
Q

What are extensive properties?

A

Physical properties that depend on the amount of matter present. Ex. Mass, volume, amount of energy.

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5
Q

What are intensive properties?

A

Physical properties that do not depend on the amount of matter present. Ex. Melting point, color, boiling point, density, odor, luster, specific heat capacity, malleability, ductility, pressure.

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6
Q

What are properties and changes in matter?

A

Properties help identify unknown substances

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7
Q

What are the two types of properties?

A

Physical and chemical

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8
Q

What are physical properties?

A

Observable characteristics or measurable without changing identity of substance. Ex. Melting point, color, odor.

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9
Q

What are chemical properties?

A

Describes a substance’s ability to undergo changes that transform it into new substances. Ex. Burns, rust, tarnishes.

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10
Q

What are the two types of changes a substance can go through?

A

Physical and chemical changes

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11
Q

What are physical changes?

A

A change in a substance that does not involve in a change in the identity of the substance. Ex. Grinding, cutting, melting, boiling.

CHANGES IN STATE: SOLID, LIQUID, GAS

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12
Q

What are chemical changes?

A

When one or more substances are converted into different substances.

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13
Q

Energy and changes in matter involve what?

A

ENERGY

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14
Q

What happens to energy during a reaction? Is it destroyed?

A

Energy is either absorbed or released during a reaction. It is neither created or destroyed.

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15
Q

What is it called when energy is absorbed or released during a reaction?

A

LAW OF CONSERVATION

16
Q

What is endothermic?

A

When heat is used or absorbed. Container will feel cold.

17
Q

What is exothermic?

A

When heat is produced. Container feels hot

18
Q

What two things join together to make a compound?

A

Atoms and elements

19
Q

What is an atom?

A

It is the smallest unit of an element that maintains the chemical identity of that element.

20
Q

What is an element?

A

A pure substance that can not be broken down into simpler substance. Made of one type of atom.

21
Q

What is a compound?

A

When substances made of two or more different elements joined by chemical bonds.

22
Q

What are pure substances?

A

All homogeneous.
Composition is the same throughout.
Element or compound.

23
Q

What are mixtures?

A

A blend of two or more kinds of matter mixed together.

Can usually be separated.

24
Q

What does it mean to be homogeneous?

A

Uniform in composition.
Looks the same throughout.
Also called solutions.
Ex. Salt water

25
Q

What does it mean to be heterogeneous?

A

Not uniform throughout.
Can “see” the individual parts.
Ex. Clay and water mix

26
Q

What is the periodic table?

A

It is a chart that groups all known elements by specific properties.

27
Q

What are the verticals columns in the periodic table called?

A

Families or groups.
1-18
Similar characteristics

28
Q

What are the horizontal rows called in the periodic table?

A

Periods
1-7
Properties change across period, closer elements are more alike.

29
Q

What are the three types of elements?

A

Metals, Nonmetals, and metalloids

30
Q

What are metals?

A

An element that is a good conductor of electricity and heat.

Shiny luster, good malleability, solids at room temp, ductile, high strength.

31
Q

What are Nonmetals?

A

Elements that are poor conductors of heat and electricity.

Most are gases at room temp. Brittle

32
Q

What are metalloids?

A

They have some characteristics of metals and some of Nonmetals.

Solids at room temperature, less malleable and ductile than metals, less brittle than Nonmetals, some are metallic, semi conductors.

33
Q

What are noble gases?

A

Group 18 in periodic table, un reactive, gases at room temperature, used in lighting, balloons, they are inert.

Chemistry (3 decks)

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