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Graphics > Chapter 1 - Materials And Components > Flashcards

Chapter 1 - Materials And Components Flashcards

0
Q

Describe the uses and properties of tracing paper.

A

Allows tracing through onto another sheet in order to develop design ideas

Heavier paper can be quite expensive

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1
Q

Describe the uses and properties of cartridge paper.

A

General purpose drawing paper
Heavier weights can be used with paint

Opaque
Can be used with most drawing media
More expensive than copier paper

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2
Q

Describe the uses and properties of folding boxboard.

A

Excellent for scoring, bending and creasing without splitting
Good printing surface

Cereal boxes, most food packaging
Relatively inexpensive

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3
Q

Describe the uses and properties of corrugated board.

A

Excellent impact resistance and strength to weight ratio
Recyclable

Protective packaging
Relatively inexpensive

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4
Q

Describe the uses and properties of solid white board.

A

Very strong and rigid
Good printing surface

Packaging for ice cream and other frozen foods
Expensive

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5
Q

Describe the uses and properties of foil-lined board.

A

Strong visual impact
Foil provides barrier against moisture

Pre-packed food packages
Expensive

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6
Q

What are the 6 layers in packaging laminate and why are they used?

A
  1. Polyethylene - external layer to protect against outside moisture
  2. Polyethylene - internal layer bond with aluminium
  3. Aluminium foil - barrier against light and air
  4. Polyethylene - internal layer bond with paperboard
  5. Paperboard - provide stiffness and total graphic coverage (good printing surface
  6. Polyethylene - internal layer in contact with liquid, seals in the liquid
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7
Q

Describe the difference in ferrous and non-ferrous metals.

A

Ferrous - contains iron, rusts, magnetic e.g. Steel, iron

Non-ferrous - does not contain iron, doesn’t rust, non-magnetic e.g. Aluminium, tin

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8
Q

Describe the properties of steel.

A

When rolled into thin sheets, it is lightweight and can be formed into a range of shapes. It is used to make food cans and aerosol cans.

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9
Q

Describe the properties of aluminium.

A

Strong and lightweight, can be formed into a variety of shapes. Non-ferrous so does not rust.

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10
Q

Describe the properties of tin.

A

Used in the form of tinplate, consists of cold-rolled steel sheets coated with a thin layer of tin to prevent corrosion.

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11
Q

What are the differences between thermoplastics and thermosetting plastics?

A

Thermoplastics can be heated and reheated many times to make different shapes for different products.

Thermosetting plastics can only be formed once and reheating causes them to melt and get damaged.

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12
Q

Describe some properties of acrylic.

A 
Weather resistant
Chemical resistant
Durable
Easy to shape and work
Very aesthetically pleasing
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13
Q

Describe some properties of Styrofoam.

A 
Rigid and high compressive strength
Easy to cut and shape
Sheets can be glued together with PVA
Smooth surface when sanded
Can be painted
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14
Q

Describe some properties of PET (polyethylene terephthalate).

A 
Excellent barrier against air and gases
Doesn't flavour contents
Clear appearance
Very tough
Lightweight
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15
Q

Describe some properties of PVC (polyvinyl chloride).

A 
Weather and chemical resistant
Protects product from external moisture and gases
Strong,mood abrasive resistance
Tough
Can be made rigid or flexible
16
Q

Describe some properties of PP (polypropylene).

A 
Lightweight
Rigid
Good chemical resistance
Versatile - can be manufactured rigid or flexible
Low moisture absorption
Good impact resistance
17
Q

Describe some properties of PS (polystyrene).

A 
Rigid polystyrene:
Impact resistant
Rigid
Lightweight
Low water absorption
Expanded polystyrene:
Excellent impact resistance
Good heat insulation
Durable
Lightweight
Low water absorbtion
18
Q

State some properties of glass that made it ideal for commercial packaging.

A

Cost-effective when mass-produced
Resistant to shock after it has been annealed
Transparent, excellent product visibility
Inert material
Relatively lightweight
Reputable and recyclable
Glass doesn’t deteriorate, corrode, fade or stain; keeps contents fresh
Contents stay preserved through high temperatures
Can be sealed air tight to protect contents from contamination

19
Q

State the advantages and disadvantages of Jelutong wood.

A

Advantages:
Easily workable, both hand and power tools
Stains, paints and varnishes well
Glues, screws and nails well

Disadvantages:
Brittle and weak
Low resistance to decay
Not easily steam-bent

20
Q

State the advantages and disadvantages of Balsa wood.

A 
Advantages:
Soft and light
Good strength to weight ratio
Quite stable to use
Easiest wood to cut, shape and sand
Buoyant

Disadvantages:
Not very stiff or shock resistant
Very porous so soaks up finishes
Not ideal for steam-bending

21
Q

State the advantages and disadvantages of Parana Pine.

A 
Advantages:
Hard, straight-grained
Fairly strong, durable and easily won ramble
Smooth finish
Glues without difficulty
Holds nails and screws well

Disadvantages:
Low stiffness, shock resistance and decay resistance
Shape can distort if not seasoned properly

22
Q

State the advantages and disadvantages of White Pine.

A 
Advantages:
Easily workable
Carves quite well
No need to pre-drill for nails and screws
Glues, paints and varnishes well
Disadvantages:
Does not turn well
Needs sealer to prevent blotches when staining
Quite weak
Low decay resistance, shock resistance
Not good for steam-bending
23
Q

Who are the FSC and what do they do?

A

The Forest Stewardship Council is an international organisation dedicated to the responsible management of the world’s forests.
The FSC logo allows customers to recognise wooden products that were manufactured from well-managed forests that do not contribute to deforestation.

24
Q

Define a composite material.

A

A composite material is made when two or more materials are bonded together. The composite has improved mechanical, functional and aesthetic qualities.

25
Q

State the advantages and disadvantages of carbon fibre.

A

Advantages:
Excellent strength-to-weight ratio
Better tensile strength than steel
Can be formed into complex shapes

Disadvantages:
Very expensive
Only available in black
Highly specialised manufacturing processes required
Cannot be easily repaired as structure loses integrity
Cannot be easily recycled

26
Q

State the advantages and disadvantages of MDF.

A

Advantages:
Less expensive than natural timbers
Available in large sheet sizes and thicknesses
Has no grain and so less tendency to split
Consistent strength in all directions

Disadvantages:
Requires appropriate finishes to seal surface fibres
Swells and breaks when waterlogged
Warps or expands if not sealed
Contains urea formaldehyde which can cause eye irritation when cutting and sanding

27
Q

Describe polymorph.

A

Plastic that has plasticine-like qualities when heated to 60°C. Returns to plastic at room temp. Can be reheated endless times. Usually used for one-off moulds.

28
Q

Describe thermochromic crystals.

A

Crystals that change colour depending on temperature. Used on battery test panels and forehead thermometers.

29
Q

Describe Liquid Crystal Displays or LCDs.

A

When charge applied to these crystals, they turn black. Very small current needed to power. Developments have led to full-colour LCDs. Can make over 256 colours. Thinner, so laptops and TV casings can be slimmer, less material is used. Higher resolution than CRT. Use far less energy, saving on money and energy. Weigh less than CRT so more portable.

30
Q

Describe electronic paper.

A

Mimic ordinary paper. Reflects light like normal paper. Lightweight, durable and highly flexible compared to other technologies. Need no power to maintain an image. Can display over 10,000 pages before battery needs charging.

31
Q

Describe transdermal drug patches.

A

Medicated adhesive patch that delivers drug straight through skin and into the blood stream over 24 hours. Provides controlled release of drug over period of time. Painless delivery of medication through skin. Clean technology, no needles to dispose of.

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