Chapter-1 Living World Flashcards
WHAT IS BIOLOGY ?
THE STORY OF LIFE ON EARTH.
WHAT IS LIVING ?
STATE OF MATERIAL COMPLEX OR INDIVIDUAL CHARACTERIZED BY THE CAPACITY TO PERFORM FUNCTIONAL ACTIVITIES.
LIVING ORGANISMS EXHIBIT WHAT ?
CELLULAR ORGANISATION, GROWTH, METABOLISM, REPRODUCTION, CONSCIOUSNESS, INTERACTIONS.
IN CELLULAR ORGANISATION, WHAT IS A CELL ?
CELLS ARE STRUCTURAL AND FUNCTIONAL UNITS OF AN ORGANISM……THE CELL IS A UNIT OF MASS OF PROTOPLASM WITH A NUCLEUS.
WHAT IS THE CELL SURROUNDED BY ?
IT IS SURROUNDED BY A DISTINCT CELL WALL IN PLANT CELL AND CELL MEMBRANE IN ANIMAL CELL.
WHAT ARE THE 2 MAJOR KIND OF CELLS ?
EUKARYOTIC ( WITH DISTINCT NUCLEUS) AND PROKARYOTIC ( WITHOUT DISTINCT NUCLEUS)
LIVING ORGANISMS SHOW WHAT KIND OF CELL ORGANISATIONS ?
CELL TO TISSUE TO ORGAN TO ORGAN SYSTEM TO ORGANISM.
WHAT IS NOT SEEN IN NON LIVING ORGANISMS ?
ORDER OF COMPLEXITY.
WHAT IS GROWTH ?
GROWTH IS DEFINED AS AN IRREVERSIBLE INCREASE IN NUMBER OF CELLS DUE TO METABOLIC ACTIVITIES THAT INVOLVE TRANSFER OF ENERGY.
WHAT DOES GROWTH RESULT IN ?
IT RESULTS IN SERIES OF PROCESSES LIKE
CELL DIVISION
CELL ELONGATION
CELL DIFFERENTIATION.
WHAT DO ALL LIVING ORGANISMS GROW BY ?
CELL DIVISION.
GROWTH IN LIVING ORGANISMS IS __________
GROWTH IN NON LIVING ORGANISMS IS __________
INTERNAL
EXTERNAL ( BY THE DEPOSITION OF OTHER MATERIALS ).
IN PLANTS GROWTH IS INDEFINITE DUE TO THE PRESENCE OF __________
MERISTEMS
___________ ORGANISMS DO NOT GROW.
DEAD
VIRUS
_________ IS A RESULT OF METABOLISM.
GROWTH
WHAT IS METABOLISM ?
SUM OF ANABOLIC AND CATABOLIC CHANGES.
WHAT IS ANABOLIC PROCESS ?
PRODUCTION OF STARCH FROM CO2 AND H2O IN THE PRESENCE OF LIGHT.
WHAT IS CATABOLIC PROCESS?
THE BREAKDOWN OF FOOD RESULTING IN ATP DURING RESPIRATION.
EX:DIGESTION RESPIRATION PHOTOSYNTHESIS.
METABOLIC REACTIONS CAN ALSO TAKE PLACE OUTSIDE THE BODY AS IN ____________
FUNGI(SECRETE ENGYMES AND DIGEST FOOD EXTERNALLY AND LATER ABSORB IT)
WHAT IS REPRODUCTION?
PRODUCTION OF PROGENY
WHAT ARE THE REPRODUCTIVE METHODS FOLLOWED BY LIVING ORGANISMS?
SEXUAL REPRODUCTION ASEXUAL REPRODUCTION AND VEGETATIVE PROPAGATION.
ASEXUAL EX:FUNGI
VEGETATIVE EX:YEAST SPONGES(BUDDING),FUNGI ALGAE PROTONEMA(FRAGMENTATION),BACTERIA ALGAE AMOEBA(BINARY FISSION)
IMP: PLANARIANS REGENERATE FROM LOST PARTS
WHICH ORGANISMS CANNOT REPRODUCE?
MULES
STERILE WORKER BEES
NON LIVING OBJECTSBREAKDOWN INTO SMALLER PARTICLES.THIS PROCESS IS CALLED?
WEATHERING
WHAT IS CONSCIOUSNESS?
RESPONSE TO STIMULI
REPONSE CAN BE PHYSICALCHEMICAL OR BIOLOGICAL.
HUMANS SENSE SURROUNDING THROUGH __________
SENSE ORGANS
IMP: HUMANS ARE THE ONLY WHO ARE AWARE OF THEMSELVES.
IF CONSCIOUSNESS IS LOST ORGANISMS ARE __________
DEAD
PLANTS RESPOND TO WHAT ?
LIGHT, WATER, TEMPERATURE, POLLUTANTS.
