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Optics > Chapter 1: Light > Flashcards

Chapter 1: Light Flashcards

1
Q

Medium

A

any physical substance which energy can be transferred

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2
Q

Radiation

A

A method of energy transfer that does not require a medium

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3
Q

Electromagnetic wave:

A

A wave that had electric and magnetic parts, does not require a medium and travels at the speed of light

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4
Q

Visible light

A

electromagnetic waves that the human eye can detect (ROYGBIV)

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5
Q

Electromagnetic spectrum

A

All the electromagnetic wavelengths paced in order of increasing energy

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6
Q

What is the spruce of energy

A

The sun

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7
Q

In a vacuum light travels at a speed of

A

3.0x 10 to the power of 8

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8
Q

What do luminous objects produce?

A

Their own light

Example: The sun

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9
Q

What is light ?

A

A form of energy

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10
Q

What are the characteristics of light?

A

Light can travel through a vacuum
In a vaccuum it travels at a speed of 3.0x10 to the power of 8 m/s
Light shows both particle- like and wave- like properties

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11
Q

In the particle theory it is believed that light can be in small packets called..

A

Photons

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12
Q

Who was the english scientist that predicted that electricity and magnetism couple together?

A

J.C Maxwell predicted

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13
Q

What year did J.C Maxwell predict electricity and magnetism work together?

A

1864

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14
Q

What are Non- luminous sources ?

A

Non- luminous sources do not produce their own light but can only reflect light

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15
Q

What are the 6 ways light can be produced?

A

Incandesecene, Phosphorscene, Fluorescence,Chemiluminescence, Bioluminescence and Triboluminescence

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16
Q

What is electric discharge?

A

The production of light by passing an electric current through a gas

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17
Q

What is incandescence?

A

The production of light as a result of high temperatures.

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18
Q

What is Phosphorescence?

A

The process of producing low energy light (glow-in-the-dark) by phosphors which absorb UV light and gradually emit it over a long period of time

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19
Q

What is Fluorescence?

A

Happens when an object absorbs ultraviolet light and immediately releases the energy as a visible light

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20
Q

What is Chemiluminescence?

A

The production of light as a result of a chemical reaction with little heat or no heat produced

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21
Q

What is Bioluminescence?

A

The production of light in living organisms as a chemical reaction

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22
Q

What is Triboluminescence?

A

The production of light as the result of scratching or crushing certain crystals

23
Q

What are LED’s?

A

Electric devices that allow electric current flowing in a semi-conductor (in one direction only).

24
Q

What does a laser produce?

A

Electromagnetic waves of exactly the same level.

Also it’s very pure colour

25
Q

What makes lasers light very intense and concentrated in one narrow beam?

A

All lasers waves are produced to travel in the same direction and in the exact unison

26
Q

What is the order of the electromagnetic spectrum?

A

Radio waves> Microwaves> infrared light> visible light> ultraviolet light> Xrays> Gamma Rays

(Rio makes interesting visual upper X-rays Graduate)

27
Q

White light is formed by

A

The presence of all visible colours

28
Q

what is black light?

A

The abs scene of all visible colours

29
Q

What does ROYGBIV stand for?

A 
Red
Orange 
Yellow
Green
Blue
Indigo
Violet
30
Q

What are the 3 degrees of clarity

A

Transparent, Translucent and Opaque

31
Q

What is a plane mirror?

A

A flat mirror

32
Q

What is the normal?

A

is the line drawn perpendicular (90 degrees) to a surface

33
Q

What is the angle of incidence?

A

The angle measured between the incident ray and the normal

34
Q

What is an incident ray

A

The incoming ray that strikes a surface

35
Q

What is a reflected ray?

A

The ray that bounces off a surface

36
Q

What is an angle of reflection?

A

The angle measured between the reflected ray and the normal

37
Q

What is a mirror

A

Any polished surface that reflects a mirror

38
Q

What are the laws of reflection off a plane mirror?

A
  1. The angle of incidence equals the angle of reflection

2. The incident ray, the reflected ray and the normal all lie on the same place

39
Q

What is specular reflection?

A

The reflection of light off a smooth surface. The image looks identical to the object

40
Q

What is Diffuse reflection?

A

Reflection off an irregular surface.

The reflected rays are scattered in many directions

41
Q

What is Dyslexia?

A

People with dyslexia have difficulty reading print. They complain about too much glare off white paper

42
Q

What is a virtual image?

A

an image formed by the light coming from an apparent

43
Q

What is a real image?

A

An images formed by light that is actually arriving at or coming from the actual image location

44
Q

What are the properties of an image in a mirror?

A

Size
Attitude
Location
Type

45
Q

What are the rules to drawing a line to

locate an image

A
  1. The distance from the object to the mirror is exactly the same as the distance from the mirror to the images
  2. The object- image is perpendicular to the mirror surface
46
Q

Why is a concave mirror?

A

A mirror whose centre bulges away

from you

47
Q

A convex (diverging) mirror is

A

a mirror whole centre bulges towards you

48
Q

The centre of Curvature (C) Is..

A

the centre of the sphere that produced the curve

49
Q

What is the principal axis?

A

The line through the centre of curvature to the midpoint of the the mirror

50
Q

What is the vertex?

A

the point where the principal axis meets the mirror

51
Q

What is a converging ray?

A

Reflected rays that come together

52
Q

What is the focus?

A

The point where converging rays come together

53
Q

What are diverging rays

A

Reflected rays that spread apart

54
Q

What is a diverging mirror ?

A

Reflects rays that always spread apart

Optics (2 decks)

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