Chapter 1 Lab Bio Test Flashcards
Biology
the study of life
organism
any living thing
sexual reproduction
two partners passing down genes to their offspring
asexual reproduction
a single-celled organism grows so big it then splits.
Ex: binary fission
cell
basic unit of life
differentiation
How we become different as we develop.
natural selection
the process where organisms with favorable traits are more likely to survive and reproduce.
autotroph
organisms that can make energy from the sun.
photosynthesis
plants use the sun’s energy to make food
Theory
Supported with evidence, but not experiments.
Law
Something that is supported with experiments.
Domain
Broad categories (3 of them
homeostasis
a state of balance
Ex: sweating, shivering
DNA
all living things contain DNA within their cells.
unicellular
consists of only one cell
gene
a segment of DNA that gets passed down generations
multicellular
consists of more than one cell
adaptation
the process of changing
heterotroph
an organism that cannot make its own food
cellular respiration
the process in which cells convert fuel into energy and nutrients.
inference
a story that can be changed with evidence
kingdom
a step down from the domains. a type of organization
independent variable
- plotted on the x-axis
- what is changed
-“if…”
-affects the dependent variable
dependent variable
-what is measured
-plotted on the y-axis
-what is the response to the independent variable
-“then…”
constants
everything that stays the same between the two groups.
control group
-comparison group
-does not get the independent variable
evolution
a theory that explains how species have developed and changed over generations
ecosystem
a biological community of interacting organisms and their physical environment.
metabolism
how a living organism captures energy and uses it for processes.
consumer
Consumers are unable to make their own energy, and instead rely on the consumption and digestion of producers or other consumers, or both, to survive.
producer
produces its own food (autotroph)
hypothesis vs prediction
(hypothesis)
an educated guess based on existing knowledge and observations.
“I think that because….”
hypothesis vs. prediction (prediction)
a statement about what will happen in the future based on observations or a hypothesis.
“if…”
“then…”
hierarchy
organization
We can group life into ___ domains and ___ kingdoms.
3
6
What are the 3 domains of life?
- domain bacteria
- domain archaea
- domain eukarya
what are the 6 kingdoms of life?
- kingdom eubacteria
- kingdom archaebacteria
- protists
- plants
- fungi
- animals
kingdom eubacteria is part of domain ____.
bacteria
kingdom archaebacteria is part of domain ____.
archaea.
What are the characteristics of living organisms?
- made of one or more cells
- order/organization
molecules –> cells –> biosphere
3.regulation/ homeostasis
- growth and development
(changes through lifespan) - metabolism
(use of energy from the environment) - respond to environmental stimuli
- ability to reproduce
- show evolutionary change
