Chapter 1: Kinetic Particle Theory

Question 1

What does the kinetic particle theory say?

Answer 1

All matter is made up of tiny particles and these particles are in constant random motion

Question 2

Describe what happens to the particles when melting?

(solid to liquid) MFA

Answer 2

• Heat energy is absorbed
• Heat energy is converted to kinetic energy
• Particles starts to vibrate faster about their fixed positions (M)
• Vibrations of particles becomes sufficient
• overcome the very strong forces of attraction (F)
• P begins to break away from their fixed positions and no longer in fixed positions (A)
• subst are now in liquid state
• particles move more freely

Question 3

Describe what happens to the particles when freezing?

EM E+M A

Answer 3

• lose kinetic energy(E) and begin to move more slowly(M)
• tempt is low enough, particles no longer have enough energy to move freely (E+M)
• p. start to settle into their fixed positions (A)
• All particles settled into fixed positions
• subst is now a solid
• only vibrate about their fixed positions

Question 4

What happens to particles during boiling?

MFA

Answer 4

-Heat energy is absorbed
-Heat energy is converted to kinetic energy
-start moving faster as tempt rises
When tempt is high enough
-particles will have enough energy to overcome strong foa holding them tgt
-p. are now spread far apart
-subst is now a gas and particles more about rapidly in any direction

Question 5

What happens to particles during condensation?

Answer 5

1. no longer have the energy to overcome the foa between themsleves and they come closer tgt
2. heat is released and given out to the surroundings as particles slow down and come closer tgt
3. Release of heat energy balances the cooling effect and thus, the temperature remains constant
4. A mixture iof gas and liquid is present during this stage