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Buddhist Key Beliefs > Chapter 1 - Key Words > Flashcards

Chapter 1 - Key Words Flashcards

1
Q

Buddhism

A

A religion founded 2,500 years ago

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2
Q

Buddha

A

An enlightened being, the original Buddha was Siddartha Guatama

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3
Q

The four sights

A

The four things Siddartha saw when he left the palace for the first time:

Old age
Sickness
Death
A holy man

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4
Q

Jataka

A

Popular Buddhist tales, where we can find the story of the Buddha

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5
Q

Ascetic

A

Living a simple and strict life with few pleasures/possessions

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6
Q

Meditation

A

Practice of calming and focussing the mind

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7
Q

Enlightenment

A

Gaining true knowledge about God, self or the nature of reality. A state of mind where you cease to exist

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8
Q

Mara

A

A demon that tempts you spiritually

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9
Q

The three watches of the night

A

The three realisations the Buddha made in order to reach enlightenment

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10
Q

The 5 ascetics

A

The Buddha’s first five students; the five monks who followed ascetic practices

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11
Q

Dhamma/dharma

A

The Buddha’s teachings

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12
Q

Pali

A

The language of the earliest Buddhist scriptures

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13
Q

Sanskrit

A

The language used in later Indian texts

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14
Q

Dependent arising

A

The idea that all things arise in dependence upon conditions

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15
Q

The Tibetan wheel of life

A

An image that symbolises samsara

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16
Q

Nidanas

A

The 12 factors that illustrate the process of birth, death and rebirth

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17
Q

Samsara

A

The repeating cycle of birth, life, death and rebirth

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18
Q

Karma

A

Reflects your actions; good actions result in happiness, bad actions result in suffering. What goes around comes around

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19
Q

Nirvana

A

A state of complete enlightenment, happiness and peace

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20
Q

Dukkha

A

Suffering

21
Q

Annica

A

Impermanence, everything changes

22
Q

Anaya

A

There is no permanent self or soul

23
Q

The 5 aggregates (skandhas)

A

The 5 aspects that make up a person

24
Q

Samudaya (Tanha)

A

The cause of suffering (craving)

25
Q

Magga

A

The eightfold path

26
Q

Theravada Buddhism

A

The school of the elders (traditional)

27
Q

Mahayana Buddhism

A

Later Buddhist traditions such as Tibetan

28
Q

The three poisons

A

The three things that fuel the cycle of samsara (greed, ignorance and hatred)

29
Q

The eightfold path

A

8 aspects that Buddhists practice to achieve enlightenment

30
Q

Sunyata

A

Emptiness, nothing has a separate self or soul

31
Q

Buddha - nature

A

Everyone has the essence of the Buddha in them

32
Q

Buddhahood

A

When someone achieves enlightenment

33
Q

Arhat

A

Theravada Buddhism - someone who has become enlightened

34
Q

Bodhisattva

A

Mahayana Buddhism - someone who has become enlightened but chooses to remain in the cycle of samsara to help others achieve enlightenment

35
Q

Amitabha Buddha

A

The Buddha worshipped by Pure Land Buddhists

36
Q

Sukhavati

A

The paradise where the Amitabha Buddha lives and where pure land Buddhists aim to be reborn

37
Q

Renunciation

A

Giving up your desires and luxuries

38
Q

The three refuges

A

The Buddha
Dhamma (teachings)
Sangha (community)

39
Q

Sila

A

Ethics

40
Q

Cessation

A

Stopping

41
Q

Right Action

A

Not acting in a way to harm others or yourself

42
Q

Right speech

A

You should not speak in ways to hurt others

43
Q

Right livelihood

A

Buddhists should only get a job which does not harm others but benefits others

44
Q

Right effort

A

Buddhists should make an effort to put aside negative thoughts and replace them with positive ones. Without effort, the other parts of the path cannot be achieved

45
Q

Right mindfulness

A

This is being mindful or aware of yourself and everything around you. You cannot be in control of your life if you are not aware of these things

46
Q

Right concentration

A

Right concentration is needed for meditation. Through meditation, the mind can become calm and gain insight, hopefully leading to enlightenment

47
Q

Right view

A

Understanding life as it really is. Therefore understanding the dhamma

48
Q

Right intention

A

The is the motivation behind your actions. Actions should be motivated by unselfish love for all beings

49
Q

The 5 aggregates/skandhas

A

The 5 things that make us a being that are constantly changing, proving there is no self

1) Form - our bodies
2) sensation - our feelings
3) perception - recognition of what things are
4) mental formations - our thoughts
5) consciousness - our awareness of things

Buddhist Key Beliefs (2 decks)

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