Chapter 1 key terms Flashcards
Local diversity?
A combination of unique cultural traditions and economic practices
Geography?
The study of the location of people and activities across Earth and the reasons for their distributions
Scale
The relationship between the portion of Earth being studied and Earth as a whole; specifically, the relationship between the size of an object on a map and the size of the actual feature on Earth’s surface
The Category of Geography That Human Geography Focuses On?
The reason for human activity and physical forces to take place or occur as they do
Two purposes of maps?
- To display information (a reference tool)
2. To analyze information (a communication tool)
Place?
A specific point on Earth that is distinguished by a particular characteristic
Region
The system used to transfer locations from Earths surface to a flat map
Map?
Two dimensional or flat scale model of earths surface or a portion of it
Space?
The physical distance between objects
Connections?
Relationships among people and objects across a barrier of space
Projections
The scientific method of transferring locations on earths surface to a flat map
Land ordinance of 1785
Divided much of the country into a system of townships and ranges
Township?
A square 6 miles on each side
Principal meridians
The north-south lines separating townships
Base lines
Some east-west lines
Sections
Townships are divided into 36 sections each of which are 1 mile by 1 mile
Gps
(Global positioning system)
Accurately determines the precise position of something
Remote sensing
The acquisition of earths data about earths surface from a satellite orbiting earth or from other long-distance methods
GIS
(Geographic information system)
A computer system that can capture, store, query, analyze, and display geographic data
Globalization?
Actions or processes that involve the entire world and result in making something worldwide ins cope.
Agricultural density
The ratio of the number of farmers to the total amount of land suitable for agriculture
Arithmetic density
The total number of people divided by the total land area
Cartography
The science of making maps
Concentration
The spread of something over a given area
Connections
Relationships among people and objects across the barrier of space
Contagious diffusion
The rapid, widespread diffusion of a feature or trend throughout a population
Cultural ecology
Geographic approach that emphasizes human environment relationships
Cultural landscape
Fashioning of a natural landscape by a cultural group
Density
The frequency with which something exists within a given unit of area
Diffusion
The process of spread of a feature or trend from one place to another over time
Distance decay
The diminishing in importance and eventual disappearance of a phenomenon with increasing distance from its origin
Distribution
The arrangement of something across earths surface
Environmental determination
A 19th and early 20th century approach to the study of geography which argued that the general laws sought by humans geographers could be found in the physical sciences. Geography was therefore the study of how the physical environment caused human activities.
Expansion diffusion
The spread of a feature or trend among people from one area to another in a snowballing process
Formal Region (uniform or homogenous region)
An area in which everyone shares in one or more distinctive characteristics
Functional Region (or nodal region)
An area organized around a node or focal point
Globalization
Actions or processes that involve the entire world and result in making something worldwide in scope
Greenwich mean time (GMT)
The time in that zone encompassing the prime meridian or 0 degrees longitude
Hearth
The region from which innovative ideas originate
Hierarchical diffusion
The spread of a feature or trend from one key person or node of authority or power to other persons or places
International date line
An arc that for the most part follows 180 degrees longitude, although it deviates in several places to avoid dividing land areas. When you cross the IDL heading east, the clock moves back 24 hrs. When going West the clock moves forward one day
Latitude
The numbering system used to indicate the location of parallels drawn on a globe and measuring distance north and south of the equator
Longitude
The numbering system used to indicate the location of meridians drawn on a globe and measuring the distance from east to west of the prime meridian (0 degrees)
