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Scripting Technologies > Chapter 1 Key Terms > Flashcards

Chapter 1 Key Terms Flashcards

1
Q

Application Programming Interface (API)

A

A set of procedures that access an application such as a web page or a web browser.

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2
Q

Argument

A

Values supplied to a method or function call statement.

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3
Q

Assignment operator

A

The operator ( = ) used to assign the value on the right side of an expression to the variable on the left side of the expression.

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4
Q

Back end

A

A device or application from which a client requests information; a server fulfills a request for information by managing the request or serving the requested information to the client.

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5
Q

Block comment

A

A comment that contains multiple lines of code; created by enclosing the multiple lines within the /* and */ characters.

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6
Q

Browser Object Model (BOM)

A

The aspect of JavaScript that describes how to access the features and behaviors of the browser itself.

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7
Q

Camel case

A

A method of capitalization that uses a lowercase letter for the first letter of the first word in a variable name, with subsequent words starting with an initial cap, as in myVariableName.

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8
Q

Cascading Style Sheets (CSS)

A

A complementary language to HTML, developed for specifying the appearance of web page elements on a specified device.

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9
Q

character data (CDATA)

A

A section of an HTML document that is not interpreted as markup.

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10
Q

Client

A

In a two-tier system, the tier that presents an interface to the user.

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11
Q

Client-side scripting

A

Programming written in a scripting language that runs on a local browser (on the client tier) instead of on a web server (on the processing tier).

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12
Q

Code editor

A

An app used for writing and managing program code such as the code for HTML, CSS, and JavaScript.

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13
Q

Comments

A

Lines of code that are not processed by browsers and which serve as notes about the meaning and purpose of program statements.

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14
Q

Compiled

A

A process by which instructions from a programming language are transformed into machine code.

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15
Q

Compiler

A

A program that transforms programming code into machine code that can be understood by the computer or computer device.

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16
Q

Declare

A

The process by which a variable is defined using the var, let, or const keywords.

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17
Q

Document Object Model (DOM)

A

The aspect of JavaScript that describes how to access the contents of the web page and user actions within that page.

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18
Q

ECMA-262

A

An international, standardized version of JavaScript.

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19
Q

ECMAScript

A

An international, standardized version of JavaScript.

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20
Q

European Computer Manufacturers Association (ECMA)

A

A non-profit organization that develops standards in computer hardware, communications, and programming languages, including ECMAScript.

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21
Q

Event

A

A specific occurrence within a web page or browser that is initiated either by the user or the browser itself.

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22
Q

Event handler

A

Code that tells a browser how to respond to an event within the web page or browser.

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23
Q

Expression

A

A literal value or variable or a combination of literal values, variables, operators, and other expressions that can be evaluated by a JavaScript interpreter to produce a result.

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24
Q

Front end

A

In a two-tier system, the tier that presents an interface to the user.

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25
Q

Hypertext Markup Language (HTML)

A

A markup language used to define the content and structure of web pages.

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26
Q

Hypertext Transfer Protocol (HTTP)

A

A communication standard used on the web to exchange information between servers and client devices.

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27
Q

Identifier

A

The name assigned to a variable.

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28
Q

Initialize

A

The process by which a variable is defined and given an initial value.

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29
Q

Integrated Development Environment (IDE)

A

An application that manages all of the facets of website development, including the writing and testing of JavaScript code.

30
Q

Interpreter

A

A program that scans scripting language code for errors and executes it.

31
Q

JavaScript

A

A client-side scripting language that allows web page authors to develop interactive web pages and sites.

32
Q

JavaScript source file

A

An external file containing JavaScript code, which can be referenced in a web document.

33
Q

JScript

A

An early version of JavaScript used by Microsoft Internet Explorer in the 1990s.

34
Q

keywords

A

Special words that are part of the JavaScript language syntax.

35
Q

Library

A

A JavaScript source file that contains generic scripts that can be applied to different web apps.

36
Q

Line Comment

A

A comment that occupies only a single line or part of a line; created by adding two slashes ( // ) before the comment text.

37
Q

Literal

A

A value such as a literal string or a number.

38
Q

Literal string

A

Text passed as an argument, contained within double or single quotation marks.

39
Q

Machine Code

A

Binary code that can be understood by a computer or computer device.

40
Q

Markup Language

A

A language that defines the content, structure, and appearance of a document.

41
Q

Method

A

A procedure associated with an object.

42
Q

Middle Tier

A

The part of a three-tier client/server system that handles the interaction between the web browser client and the data storage tier.

43
Q

Multitier client/server system

A

A system that consists of three distinct pieces: the client tier, the processing tier, and the data storage tier.

44
Q

n-tier client/server system

A

A system that consists of three distinct pieces: the client tier, the processing tier, and the data storage tier.

45
Q

Object

A

Programming code and data that can be treated as an individual unit or component.

46
Q

Operand

A

A variable or a literal contained in an expression.

47
Q

Operator

A

A symbol such as + or * used in an expression to manipulate operands.

48
Q

Parsed Character Data (PCDATA)

A

A section of an HTML document that is interpreted as markup.

49
Q

Passing arguments

A

Providing one or more arguments for a method or called function.

50
Q

Procedure

A

In a computer program, a logical unit composed of individual statements, which is used to perform a specific task.

51
Q

Processing tier

A

The part of a three-tier client/server system that handles the interaction between the web browser client and the data storage tier.

52
Q

Programming language

A

A set of instructions directing the actions of the computer or computer device.

53
Q

Property

A

A piece of data, such as a color or a name, that is associated with an object.

54
Q

Reserved words

A

Special words that are part of the JavaScript language syntax.

55
Q

Script

A

A JavaScript program contained within a web page.

56
Q

Scripting Language

A

A subcategory of programming languages that are interpreted rather than compiled and run directly from a program or script, often used to control a web page or return some sort of response to a web browser.

57
Q

Server

A

A device or application from which a client requests information; a server fulfills a request for information by managing the request or serving the requested information to the client.

58
Q

Server-side scripting

A

Programming written in a scripting language that is executed from a web server.

59
Q

Statement

A

An individual line of code in a JavaScript program.

60
Q

Static

A

Description of a web page that can’t change after a browser renders it.

61
Q

Text String

A

Text passed as an argument, contained within double or single quotation marks.

62
Q

Three-tier client/server system

A

A system that consists of three distinct pieces: the client tier, the processing tier, and the data storage tier.

63
Q

Two-tier system

A

A system consisting of a client and a server.

64
Q

Validating Parser

A

A program that checks whether a web page is well formed and whether the document conforms to a specific DTD.

65
Q

Validation

A

The process of checking that information provided by users conforms to rules to ensure that it appropriately answers the form’s questions and is provided in a format that the site’s back-end programs can work with.

66
Q

Variables

A

The values a program stores in computer memory.

67
Q

Web

A

A system for easily accessing cross-referenced documents using the Internet.

68
Q

Web Application

A

A program that is executed on a server but is accessed through a web page loaded in a client browser.

69
Q

Well Formed

A

A document that conforms to the rules and requirements of a markup language such as HTML or XHTML.

70
Q

World Wide Web

A

A system for easily accessing cross-referenced documents using the Internet.

71
Q

World Wide Web Consortium (W3C)

A

An organization established to oversee the development of web technology standards.

Scripting Technologies (4 decks)

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