Chapter 1 Inttoduction To Computer Flashcards
involves having knowledge and understanding of computers and their uses.
Computer Literacy
Is an electronic device, operating under the control of instructions stored in its own memory, that can accept data, process the data according to specified rules, produce results, and stores the results for future use.
Computer
is a collection of unprocessed items, which can include text, numbers, images, audio, and video.
Data
It is a plural word of datum.
Data
is a processed data that conveys meaning and is useful to people.
Information
Series of input, process, output, and storage activities performed by a computer.
Information Processing Cycle
What is the 5 Essential elements of Information Processing Cycle
Input
Process
Output
Storage
Communication
sample are the data’s entered by the user
Input
the instructions that the computer performs
Process
the information or the results
Output
stores the result for future use
Storage
computers communication to other computers
Communication
are the steps that tell the computer how to perform a particular task.
Instruction
What Are the Components of a Computer?
Input devices
Output devices
Storage unit
Storage device
Communication device
What is the 6 Input devices
Keyboard
Mouse
Microphone
Scanner
Degital Camera
PC video camera
3 Output Devices
Printer
Monitor
Speaker
SYSTEM UNIT
Two main components on the motherboard
Processor or CPU
Memory
CPU stands for?
Central Processing Units
What are the 7 Storage Devices
Storage media
Storage device
Floppy disk
Zip disk
USB flashdrive
Hard disk
Compact disk
USB stands for?
Universal Serial Bus
It is where a computer keeps data, instructions, and information. Example of storage media are floppy disks, Zip disks, USB Flash drives, hard disks, CDs, DVDs, and memory card
Storage media
Records (writes) and/or retrieves (reads) items to and from storage media. Drives and reader / writers,
which are types of storage devices, accept a specific kind of storage media. It often functions as a source of input because
they transfer items from storage to memory.
Storage Device
consists of a thin, circular, flexible disk enclosed in a square-shaped plastic shell that is inserted in and
removed from a (FDD).
Floppy disk
looks similar to a floppy disk but has much greater storage capabilities – up to about 750 million characters.
Zip disk
is a portable storage device that has much more storage capacity than a floppy disk
but is small and lightweight enough to be transported on a keychain or in a pocket.
USB Flash Drive
provides much greater storage capacity than a floppy disk, zip disk, or USB flash drive. The average ______ can hold more than 80 billion characters. ____ is enclosed in an airtight, sealed case. Although some are removable,
most are housed inside the system unit
Hard disk
is a flat, round, portable metal disc with a plastic coating.
Compact Disk CD
2 Types of Compact Disc
CD-ROM
DVD-ROM
Communication occurs over cables, telephone lines, cellular radio networks, satellites, and other transmission media.
Some transmission media, such as satellites and cellular radio networks, are wireless, which means they have no
physical lines or wires
Communication devices
a widely used communication devic
Modem
is anyone who communicates with a computer or utilizes the information it generates.
User
computer operations occur through electronic circuits. When data, instructions, and information flow along these
circuits, they travel at incredibly fast speeds.
Speed
5 Advantages of using Computer
Speed
Reliability
Consistency
Storage
Communications
The electronic components in modern computers are dependable and reliable because they rarely break or fail.
Reliability
Given the same input and processes, a computer will produce the same results - consistently.
Consistency
A computer can transfer data quickly from a storage to memory, process it, and then store it again for future use.
Storage
Most computers today can communicate with other computers, often wirelessly.
Communication
4 Disadvantages of using Computer
Violation of privacy
Impact on labor force
Health Risks
Impact on Enviroment
Nearly every life event is stored in a computer somewhere…in medical records, credit reports, tax
records, etc. It is crucial that personal and confidential records be protected properly. In many instances, where these records were
not properly protected, individuals have found their privacy violated and identities stolen.
Violation of Privacy
Although computers have improved productivity in many ways and created an entire industry with
hundreds of thousands of new jobs, the skills of millions employees have been replaced by computers.
Impact on labor force
Prolonged or improper computer use can lead to injuries or disorders of the hand, wrists, elbows, eyes, neck,
and back. Computer users can protect themselves from these health risks through proper workplace design, good posture while at
the computer, and appropriately space work breaks.
Health Risks
Computer manufacturing processes and computer waste are depleting natural resources and
polluting the environment
Impact on Enviroment
control access to the resources on the network.
Server
A computer in a network that stores application programs and
data files accessed by the other computers in the network
Computer that other computer access
the other computers on the network and the computer request resources from the server.
Client
a computer program used to contact and obtain data from a program on
another computer, often one linked on a network. A World Wide Web browser is a specific kind of client.
Computer that request data
the world largest computer network.
Internet
is a worldwide collection of networks that connects millions of businesses, government agencies, educational
institutions, and individuals
Internet
People use the internet to?
communicate with and meet other people
Access news and information
shop for goods and services
bank and invest
take classes, and
access sources of entertainment and leisure
a business, offer users and companies access to the internet free or for fee. By subscribing to an access
provider, you can use your computer and a communication device, such as modem, to connect to the many services of the
internet.
Access Providers
s a global library of documents containing information that is available to anyone connected to the
Internet. It contains billions of documents called Web pages
Web (World Wide Web)
can contain text, graphics, audio, and video and often have built-in connections, or links, to other documents,
graphics, other Web pages, or Web sites.
Web pages
is a collection of related Web pages.
Website
is a website that allows users to create an online photo album and store their electronic
photographs
Photo sharing community
also called a program, is a series of instructions that tells the computer what to do and how to do it.
Software
allows you to interact with the software using text, graphics, and visual images such as
icons.
GUI - Graphical User Interface
is a miniature image that represents a program, an instruction, or some other object.
Icon
Two categories of software
System Software
Application Software
consists of the programs that control or maintain the operations of a computer and its devices. It serves
as the interface between the user, the application software, and the computer’s hardware.
System Software
Two types of System Software
Operating system
Utility programs
which coordinates activities among computer hardware devices.
Operating system
which coordinates activities among computer hardware devices.
Operating system
which perform maintenance-type tasks usually related to a computer, its devices, or its
programs.
Utility program
consists of programs that perform specific tasks for users. Popular application software includes Web
browsers, word processing software, spreadsheet software, database software, and presentation graphics softwar
Application software
is the process of setting up software to work with the computer, printer and other hardware components.
Installing
Is someone who develops software or writes the instructions that direct the computer to process data
into information
Programmer
What Are the 6 Categories of Computers?
Personal computers
Mobile computers and Mobile devices
Midrange servers Mainframes Supercomputers
Embedded computers
