Chapter 1 Introductory Essay: 1491-1607 Flashcards
What was the primary motivation for early Spanish exploration?
Economic Benefit
What strategy did Hernan Cortes use to achieve victory over the Aztecs?
Alliances with Indians who also wanted to defeat the Aztecs
How did the Spanish royal government respond to the critiques of Las Casas and others of Spanish conquistadores?
It issued the Royal Directives for New Discoveries giving more power to the priests and less to the conquistadores.
What was the major cause of the sharp decline in American Indian populations after their first contact with the Europeans?
American Indians’ exposure to European diseases for which they had no immunity
How did rival European nations attempt to undermine the dominance of Spain in early American settlements?
Spain’s rivals legalized piracy to seize Spanish goods and created the “black legend” to highlight Spain’s cruelty to the American Indians.
The early French forays into the far northern parts of the North American continent were intended to do which of the following?
Trap and trade furs
The early French forays into the far northern parts of the North American continent were intended to do which of the following?
Tobacco
The geographic and climate differences between the northern and southern British colonies resulted in which of the following?
Longer lifespans and small family farming in the North
What did John Winthrop mean in referring to the Puritan settlement as a “city upon a hill”?
The Puritan settlement would be a model society and an example to those in England of how a Christian society should operate.
Although the Puritans aimed for the purification of the Church of England Pilgrims believed which of the following?
The Church of England could not be purified and the Pilgrims must separate themselves from it.
Religious dissidents like Roger Williams who sought greater separation between church and state and Anne Hutchison who challenged church views on women and religious practice were instrumental in the founding of which colony?
Rhode Island
Why was the mid-Atlantic region settled by the English more appealing to large-scale and family migration than areas claimed by the French in the north or the Spanish to the South?
The climate and the geography were more amenable to agriculture and survival
Shipbuilding was an important industry in which area?
New England
Which settlement did the French establish in North America?
Quebec
Which crop became most important to the economy in Virginia?
Tobacco
