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NETW-191 TEST 1 (4/8/13) > Chapter 1: Introduction to Windows Server 2008 > Flashcards

Chapter 1: Introduction to Windows Server 2008 Flashcards

1
Q

A central database of computers, users, shared printers, shared folders, other network resources, and resource groupings that is used to manage a network and enable users to quickly find a particular resource.

A

Active Directory

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2
Q

A protocol in the TCP/IP suite that enables a sending station to determine the MAC or physical address of another station on the network.

A

Address Resolution Protocol (ARP)

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3
Q

Supported by Windows Server 2008 to automatically configure the TCP/IP settings for a computer. The computer assigns itself and IP address in the range of 169.254.0.2-169.254.255.254, if a DHCP server is not available.

A

Automatic Private IP Addressing (APIPA)

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4
Q

A message sent to all computers on a network (but usually blocked to other networks by a router).

A

Broadcast

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5
Q

A computer that accesses resources on another computer via a network or direct cable connection.

A

Client

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6
Q

The ability to increase the access to server resources and provide fail-safe services by linking two or more discrete computer systems so they appear to function as though they are one.

A

Clustering

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7
Q

A command-line tool available in Windows PowerShell. See Windows PowerShell.

A

cmdlet

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8
Q

Also called a _______ service, a communication service that provides no checks (or minimal checks) to make sure that data accurately reaches the destination node.

A

Connectionless Communication

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9
Q

Also called a _______-oriented service, this service provides several ways to ensure that data is successfully received at the destination, such as requiring an acknowledgement of receipt and using a checksum to make sure the packet or frame contents are accurate.

A

Connection-Oriented Communication

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10
Q

The IP address of the router that has a connection to other networks. The _____ _____ address is used when the host computer you are trying to contact exists on another network.

A

Default Gateway

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11
Q

A grouping of resource objects-for example, servers, computers, and user accounts-to enable easier centralized management of these objects. On Windows Server 2008 networks, a _____ is contained within Active Directory as a higher-level representation of how a business, school, or government agency is organized.

A

Domain

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12
Q

Also called Domain Name Service, a TCP/IP application protocol that enables a DNS server to resolve (translate) domain and computer names to IP addresses, or IP addresses to domain and computer names.

A

Domain Name System (DNS)

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13
Q

An addressing technique that uses four octets, such as 10000110.11011110.01100101.00000101, converted to decimal (e.g., 134.222.101.5) to differentiate individual servers, workstations, and other network devices.

A

Dotted Decimal Notation

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14
Q

An IP address that is automatically assigned to a client from a general pool of available addresses and that might be assigned each time the client is started, or it might be assigned for a period of days, weeks, months, or longer.

A

Dynamic Addressing

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15
Q

A form of DNS that enables client computers to update DNS registration information so that this does not have to be done manually. DDNS is often used with DHCP servers to automatically register IP addresses on a DNS server.

A

Dynamic Domain Name System (DDNS)

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16
Q

A network protocol that provides a way for a server to automatically assign an IP address to a workstation on its network.

A

Dynamic Host Configuration Protocol (DHCP)

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17
Q

Enables memory to resynchronize after transient memory problems so there is no interruption to current computing activities.

A

Fault Tolerant Memory Sync

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18
Q

A unit of data that is transmitted on a network that contains control and address information, but not routing information.

A

Frame

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19
Q

Memory that can be added without shutting down the computer or operating system.

A

Hot-Add Memory

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20
Q

The ability to add a processor to an empty processor slot on a multiprocessor system while the system is running.

A

Hot-Add Processor

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21
Q

The ability to replace a processor in an SMP system without taking the system down.

A

Hot-Replace Processor

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22
Q

Virtualization software developed by Microsoft that can be included with most versions of Windows Server 2008. See virtualization.

A

Hyper-V

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23
Q

A Microsoft Windows Server component that provides Internet, Web, FTP, mail, and other services to make the server into a full-featured Web server.

A

Internet Information Services (IIS)

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24
Q

The Internet layer protocol responsible for addressing packets so that they are delivered on the local network or across routers to other networks or subnets.

A

Internet Protocol (IP)

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25
Q

The most commonly used version of IP, which has been in use for many years. _____ has a limitation in that it was not designed to anticipate the vast numbers of networks and network users currently in existence.

A

Internet Protocol Version 4 (IPv4)

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26
Q

The newest version of IP that is designed for enhanced security and that can handle the addressing needs of growing networks.

A

Internet Protocol Version 6 (IPv6)

27
Q

A logical address assigned to each host on an IP network. It is used to identify a specific host on a specific network.

A

IP Address

28
Q

An essential set of programs and computer code that allows a computer operating system to control processor, disk, memory, and other functions central to its basic operation.

A

Kernel

29
Q

A network of computers in relatively close proximity, such as on the same floor or in the same building.

A

Local Area Network (LAN)

30
Q

Also called a physical or device address, the hexadecimal number permanently assigned to a network interface, and used by the MAC sublayer (a communications sublayer for controlling how computers share communications on the same network).

A

Media Access Control (MAC) Address

31
Q

A single message is sent from one location and received at several different locations that are subscribed to receive that message.

A

Multicast

32
Q

The capability of a computer to run two or more programs at the same time.

A

Multitasking

33
Q

Running several program processes or parts (threads) at the same time.

A

Multithreading

34
Q

A name or identifier used in older Windows systems to uniquely identify a computer.

A

NetBIOS Name

35
Q

A communications system that enables computer users to share computer equipment, software, and data, voice, and video transmissions.

A

Network

36
Q

A collection of security protection features that monitor and manage a server and its clients so that access to network and server resources is carefully controlled to match security policies.

A

Network Access Protection (NAP)

37
Q

Sometimes used by firewalls, proxy servers, and routers, NAT translates IP addresses on an internal or local network so that the actual IP addresses cannot be determined on the Internet, because the address seen on the Internet is a decoy address used from a pool of decoy addresses.

A

Network Address Translation (NAT)

38
Q

An adaptor board or device to connect a workstation, server, or other network device to a network medium. The connection can be wired or wireless.

A

Network Interface Card (NIC)

39
Q

A unit of data transmitted on a network that contains control and address information as well as routing information.

A

Packet

40
Q

A network on which any computer can communicate with other networked computers on an equal or peer basis without going through an intermediary, such as a server or host.

A

Peer-to-Peer Networking

41
Q

Running two or more programs simultaneously so that each program runs in an area of memory separate from areas used by other programs.

A

Preemptive Multitasking

42
Q

A protected memory space allocated for the Windows Server 2008 kernel that cannot be directly accessed by software applications.

A

Priviledged Mode

43
Q

A computer program or portion of a program that is currently running. One large program might start several smaller programs or _____.

A

Process

44
Q

A strictly defined set of rules for communication across a network that specifies how networked data is formatted for transmission, how it is transmitted, and how it is interpreted at the receiving end.

A

Protocol

45
Q

A database used to store information about the configuration, program setup, devices, drivers, and other data important to the setup of Windows operating systems, such as Windows Server 2008.

A

Registry

46
Q

A device that connects networks, is able to read IP addresses, and can route or forward packets of data to designated networks.

A

Router

47
Q

A file of shell commands that are run as a unit within the shell. The shell interprets the commands to the operating system one line at a time. Usually to run the contents of a _____, the name of that _____ must be entered at the command line. ______s save time because commands don’t have to be typed individually by the user. Another advantage is that the users do not have to memorize the exact sequence of a set of commands each time they want to accomplish a certain task.

A

Script

48
Q

A single computer that provides extensive multiuser access to network resources.

A

Server

49
Q

A model in which access to the network and resources, and the management of resources, is accomplished through one or more servers.

A

Server–Based Networking

50
Q

A comprehensive server management tool offered through Windows Server 2008.

A

Server Manager

51
Q

A command-line environment, also called a command interpreter, that enables communication with an operating system. Commands that are run within a _____ are typically specific to that _____ (although different shells sometimes use the same or similar commands, particularly in UNIX and Linux).

A

Shell

52
Q

An IP address that is assigned to a client and remains in use until it is manually changed.

A

Static Addressing

53
Q

Used to distinguish between the network part and the host part of the IP address and to enable networks to be divided into subnets.

A

Subnet Mask

54
Q

A set of services that can be installed in Windows Sever 2008 to create a UNIX-like environment for UNIX and Linux clients.

A

Subsystem for Unix-based Applications (SUA)

55
Q

A computer that uses more than one processor.

A

Symmetric Multiprocessor (SMP) Computer

56
Q

The cost of installing and maintaining computers and equipment on a network, which includes hardware, software, maintenance, and support costs.

A

Total Cost of Ownership (TCO)

57
Q

The default protocol suite installed with Windows Server 2008 that enables network communication.

A

Transmission Control Protocol (TCP)

58
Q

A message that goes from one single computer to another single computer.

A

Unicast

59
Q

A connectionless protocol that can be used with IP, instead of TCP.

A

User Datagram Protocol (UDP)

60
Q

Software that enables one computer to run two or more operating systems that are live at the same time and in which one application running in one operating system does not interfere with an application running in a different operating system.

A

Virtualization

61
Q

A Windows Server service that enables the server to convert NetBIOS computer names to IP addresses for network and Internet communications. (NetBIOS is an applications programming interface to provide programs with a consistent command set for using network services.)

A

Windows Internet Naming Service (WINS)

62
Q

A Windows command-line interface that offers scripting capabilities as well.

A

Windows Powershell

63
Q

As used in Microsoft networks, a number of users who share drive and printer resources in an independent peer-to-peer relationship.

A

Workgroup

64
Q

A computer that has its own central processing unit (CPU) and can be used as a stand-alone or network computer for word processing, spreadsheet creation, or other software applications.

A

Workstation

NETW-191 TEST 1 (4/8/13) (6 decks)

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