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MEDICAL TERMINOLOGY > CHAPTER 1: INTRODUCTION TO MEDICAL TERMINOLOGY - TERMS > Flashcards

CHAPTER 1: INTRODUCTION TO MEDICAL TERMINOLOGY - TERMS Flashcards

1
Q

cyanosis

A

blue discoloration of the skin caused by lack of adequate oxygen in the blood

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2
Q

erythrocyte

A

mature red blood cell

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3
Q

leukocyte

A

white blood cell

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4
Q

melanoma

A

a type of skin cancer

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5
Q

poliomyelitis

A

a viral infection of the gray nerve tissue of the spinal cord

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6
Q

gastroenteritis

A

inflammation of the stomach and small intestine

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7
Q

neuroplasty

A

surgical repair of a nerve

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8
Q

neurorrhaphy

A

suturing together the ends of a severed nerve

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9
Q

tonsillitis

A

inflammation of the tonsils

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10
Q

tonsillectomy

A

surgical removal of the tonsils

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11
Q

cranium

A

the portion of the skull that encloses the brain

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12
Q

gastrosis

A

any disease of the stomach

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13
Q

pathology

A

study of all aspects of diseases

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14
Q

gastralgia

A

pain in the stomach, stomachache

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15
Q

gastrodynia

A

pain in the stomach, stomachache

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16
Q

gastritis

A

inflammation of the stomach

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17
Q

hepatomegaly

A

abnormal enlargement of the liver

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18
Q

arteriomalacia

A

abnormal softening of the walls of an artery/arteries

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19
Q

arterionecrosis

A

tissue death of an artery/arteries

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20
Q

arteriosclerosis

A

abnormal hardening of the walls of an artery/arteries

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21
Q

arteriostenosis

A

abnormal narrowing of an artery/arteries

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22
Q

abdominocentesis

A

surgical puncture of the abdominal cavity to remove fluid

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23
Q

angiography

A

process of producing an x-ray/radiographic study of blood vessels after the injection of a contrast medium to make these blood vessels visible

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24
Q

angiogram

A

resulting film that is produced by an angiography

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25
Q

myoplasty

A

surgical repair of a muscle

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26
Q

arthroscopy

A

visual examination of the internal structure of a joint

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27
Q

hemorrhage

A

loss of a large amount of blood in a short time

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28
Q

tenorrhaphy

A

surgical suturing of a tendon

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29
Q

perinatal

A

the time and events surrounding birth: just before, during, and just after

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30
Q

eupnea

A

easy or normal breathing

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31
Q

hypertension

A

higher-than-normal blood pressure

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32
Q

hypotension

A

lower-than-normal blood pressure

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33
Q

interstitial

A

between, but not within, the parts of a tissue

34
Q

intramuscular

A

within the muscle

35
Q

subcostal

A

below a rib/ribs

36
Q

supracostal

A

above or outside the ribs

37
Q

otorhinolaryngology

A

study of the ear, nose, and throat

38
Q

ENT

A

study of the ear, nose, and throat

39
Q

otolaryngology

A

study of the ears and larynx or throat

40
Q

lithotomy

A

a surgical incision for the removal of a stone
OR
an examination position in which a female patient is lying on her back with her feet and legs raised and supported in stirrups

41
Q

appendicitis

A

inflammation of the appendix

42
Q

phalanges

A

bones of the fingers and toes

43
Q

sign vs. symptom vs. syndrome

A
  1. sign is objective evidence of disease (fever)
  2. symptom is subjective evidence of disease (pain)
  3. syndrome is a set of signs and symptoms that occur together as a part of a specific disease process
44
Q

diagnosis vs. differential diagnosis vs. prognosis

A
  1. diagnosis is the identification of a disease
  2. differential diagnosis is an attempt to determine which one of the several possible diseases is causing the signs and symptoms present (known as a rule out, R/O)
  3. prognosis is a prediction of the probable course and outcome of a disease
45
Q

acute condition vs. chronic condition vs. remission

A
  1. acute condition has a rapid onset, a severe course, and a relatively short duration
  2. chronic condition is of long duration that can be controlled but are rarely cured
  3. remission is the temporary, partial, or complete disappearance of the symptoms of a disease without having achieved a cure
46
Q

disease vs. eponym vs. acronym

A
  1. disease is a condition in which one or more body parts are not functioning normally
  2. eponym is a disease, structure, operation, or procedure named for the person who discovered or described it first (e.g. Alzheimer’s disease)
  3. acronym is a word formed from the initial letter of major parts of a compound term
47
Q

atheroma

A

a fatty deposit within the wall of an artery

48
Q

arthralgia

A

pain in a joint/joints

49
Q

endarterial

A

pertaining to the interior/lining of an artery

50
Q

pyelotomy

A

surgical incision into the renal pelvis to remove obstructions such as a kidney stone

51
Q

fissure

A

groove or crack-like sore of the skin
OR
normal folds in the contours of the brain

52
Q

fistula

A

an abnormal passage, usually between two internal organs or leading from an organ to the surface of the body

53
Q

ileum

A

the last and longest portion of the small intestine

54
Q

ilium

A

part of the hip bone (spelled with an i as in hip)

55
Q

infection

A

invasion of the body by a pathogenic organism

56
Q

malaise

A

feeling of general discomfort/uneasiness that is often the first indication of an infection/disease

57
Q

exudate

A

any fluid that leaks out of an infected wound

58
Q

erythema

59
Q

hyperthermia

60
Q

edema

61
Q

inflammation

A

a localized response to an injury or to the destruction of tissues

62
Q

laceration

A

a torn or jagged wound or an accidental cut

63
Q

lesion

A

pathologic change of the tissues due to disease or injury

64
Q

mucous

A

describes the specialized membranes that lines the body cavities

65
Q

mucus

A

fluid secreted by mucous

66
Q

mycosis

A

any abnormal condition or disease caused by a fungus

67
Q

myelopathy

A

any injury, degeneration, or disease in the spinal cord

68
Q

myopathy

A

any pathologic change or disease of muscle tissue

69
Q

palpation

A

examination technique in which the examiner’s hands are used to feel the texture, size, consistency, and location of certain body parts

70
Q

palpitation

A

pounding or racing heart

71
Q

pyoderma

A

any acute, inflammatory, pus-forming bacterial skin infection

72
Q

pyrosis

A

heartburn, discomfort due to the regurgitation of stomach acid upward into the esophagus

73
Q

supination

A

act of rotating the arm so that the palm of the hand is forward or upward

74
Q

suppuration

A

formation of pus

75
Q

triage

A

medical screening of patients to determine their relative priority of need and proper place of treatment

76
Q

trauma

A

wound or injury

77
Q

viral

A

pertaining to a virus

78
Q

virile

A

having the nature, properties, or qualities of an adult male

79
Q

certified registered nurse anesthetist (CRNA)

A

a person with a graduate-level education who is responsible for the entire anesthesia procedure

80
Q

licensed practical nurse (LPN)

A

a person who provides routine care consistent with their education under the supervision of an RN, PA, or physician

81
Q

physician

A

a person who holds a state license to practice all phases of medicine and every medical and surgical specialty

82
Q

registered nurse (RN)

A

a person trained to make critical decisions about patient care and supervise other healthcare personnel as well as provide counseling and education to patients and families

MEDICAL TERMINOLOGY (6 decks)

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