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Medical Terminology > Chapter 1: Introduction to Medical Terminology > Flashcards

Chapter 1: Introduction to Medical Terminology Flashcards

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USMLE® Step 1 flashcards
1
Q

gastro-

A

stomach

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2
Q

-itis

A

inflammation

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3
Q

hyper

A

excessive or increased

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4
Q

myel/o

A

spinal cord

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5
Q

my/o

A

muscle

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6
Q

oste/o

A

bone

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7
Q

neur/o

A

nerve

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8
Q

arthr/o

A

joint

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9
Q

cyan/o

A

blue

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10
Q

cyanosis

A

blue discoloration of the skin caused by a lack of adequate oxygen in the blood

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11
Q

erythr/o

A

red

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12
Q

erythrocyte

A

mature red blood cell

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13
Q

-cyte

A

cell

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14
Q

leuk/o

A

white

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15
Q

leukocyte

A

white blood cell

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16
Q

melan/o

A

black

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17
Q

melanosis

A

any condition of unusual deposits of black pigment in body tissues or organs

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18
Q

poli/o

A

gray

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19
Q

poliomyelitis

A

viral infection of the gray nerve tissue of the spinal cord

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20
Q

enter

A

small intestine

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21
Q

gastroenteritis

A

inflammation of the stomach and small intestine

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22
Q

-plasty

A

surgical repair

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23
Q

-rrhaphy

A

surgical suturing

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24
Q

neuroplasty

A

surgical repair of a nerve

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25
Q

neurorrhaphy

A

suturing together the ends of a severed nerve

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26
Q

tonsill

A

tonsils

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27
Q

-ectomy

A

surgical removal

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28
Q

tonsillitis

A

inflammation of the tonsils

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29
Q

tonsillectomy

A

surgical removal of the tonsils

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30
Q

cranium

A

portion of the skull that encloses the brain

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31
Q

cardi

A

heart

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32
Q

-ac

A

pertaining to

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33
Q

cardiac

A

pertaining to the heart

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34
Q

-al

A

pertaining to

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35
Q

-an

A

pertaining to

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36
Q

-ar

A

pertaining to

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37
Q

-ary

A

pertaining to

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38
Q

-eal

A

pertaining to

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39
Q

-ical

A

pertaining to

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40
Q

-ial

A

pertaining to

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41
Q

-ic

A

pertaining to

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42
Q

-ine

A

pertaining to

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43
Q

-ior

A

pertaining to

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44
Q

-ory

A

pertaining to

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45
Q

-ous

A

pertaining to

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46
Q

-tic

A

pertaining to

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47
Q

-ago

A

abnormal condition

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48
Q

-esis

A

abnormal condition

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49
Q

-ia

A

abnormal condition

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50
Q

-iasis

A

abnormal condition

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51
Q

-ion

A

abnormal condition

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52
Q

-ism

A

abnormal condition

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53
Q

-osis

A

abnormal condition

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54
Q

gastrosis

A

any disease of the stomach

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55
Q

pathology

A

study of all aspects of diseases

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56
Q

-algia

A

pain and suffering

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57
Q

gastralgia

A

pain in the stomach, stomachache

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58
Q

-dynia

A

pain

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59
Q

gastrodynia

A

pain in the stomach

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60
Q

-itis

A

inflammation

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61
Q

gastritis

A

inflammation of the stomach

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62
Q

-megaly

A

enlargement

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63
Q

hepatomegaly

A

abnormal enlargement of the liver

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64
Q

hepat/o

A

liver

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65
Q

-malacia

A

abnormal softening

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66
Q

arteriomalacia

A

abnormal softening of the walls of an artery or arteries

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67
Q

arteri/o

A

artery

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68
Q

-necrosis

A

tissue death

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69
Q

-arterionecrosis

A

tissue death of an artery or arteries

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70
Q

-sclerosis

A

abnormal hardening

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71
Q

arteriosclerosis

A

abnormal hardening of the walls of an artery or arteries

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72
Q

stenosis

A

abnormal narrowing

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73
Q

arteriostenosis

A

abnormal narrowing of an artery or arteries

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74
Q

-centesis

A

surgical puncture to remove fluid for diagnostic purposes or to remove excess fluid

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75
Q

abdominocentesis

A

surgical puncture of the abdominal cavity to remove fluid

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76
Q

-graphy

A

process of producing a picture or record

77
Q

angiography

A

process of producing a radiographic (xray) study of blood vessels after the injection of a contrast medium to make these blood vessels visible

78
Q

angi/o

A

blood vessel

79
Q

-gram

A

picture or record

80
Q

angiogram

A

the resulting film that is produced by angiography

81
Q

-plasty

A

surgical repair

82
Q

myoplasty

A

surgical repair of a muscle

83
Q

-scopy

A

visual examination

84
Q

arthroscopy

A

visual examination of the internal structure of a joint

85
Q

-rrhage

A

bleeding

86
Q

-rrhagia

A

bleeding

87
Q

hemorrhage

A

loss of a large amount of blood in a short amount of time

88
Q

hem/o

A

blood

89
Q

-rrhage

A

abnormal excessive fluid discharge

90
Q

-rrhaphy

A

surgical suturing to close a wound

91
Q

myorrhaphy

A

surgical suturing of a muscle wound

92
Q

-rrhea

A

flows or discharge and refers to the flow of most body fluids

93
Q

diarrhea

A

frequent flow of loose or watery stools

94
Q

dia-

A

through

95
Q

-rrhexis

A

rupture

96
Q

myorhexis

A

rupture of a muscle

97
Q

natal

A

pertaining to brith

98
Q

nat

A

birth

99
Q

prenatal

A

the time and events before birth

100
Q

perinatal

A

time and events surrounding birth

101
Q

ab-

A

away from, negative, absent

102
Q

ad-

A

toward, to, in the direction of

103
Q

dextr/o

A

right side

104
Q

sinistr/o

A

left side

105
Q

ex

A

out of, outside, away from

106
Q

in

A

in, into, not, without

107
Q

macro

A

large, abnormal size, or long

108
Q

micr/o, micro

A

small

109
Q

mega, megal/o

A

large, great

110
Q

olig/o

A

scanty, few

111
Q

pre

A

before

111
Q

pre

A

before

112
Q

post

A

after, behind

113
Q

postnatal

A

time and events after birth

114
Q

ad

A

toward or in the direction of

115
Q

dys-

A

bad, difficult, or painful

116
Q

eu

A

good, normal, well, or easy

117
Q

hyper

A

excessive or increased

118
Q

hypo

A

deficient or decreased

119
Q

inter

A

between or among

120
Q

intra

A

within or inside

121
Q

sub

A

under, less or below

122
Q

super, supra

A

above or excessive

123
Q

-ology

A

study of

124
Q

laryng

A

larynx or throat

125
Q

rhin/o

A

nose

126
Q

ot/o

A

ear

127
Q

otorhinolaryngology

A

study of the ears, nose, and throat

128
Q

lithotomy

A

surgical incision for the removal of a stone

129
Q

edema

A

swelling caused by an abnormal accumulation of fluid in cells, tissues, or cavities of the body

130
Q

appendicitis

A

inflammation of the appendix

131
Q

endarterial

A

pertaining to the interior or lining of an artery

132
Q

ather/o

A

plaque or fatty substance

133
Q

atheroma

A

fatty deposit within the wall of an artery

134
Q

arthralgia

A

pain in a joint

135
Q

appendectomy

A

surgical removal of the appendix

136
Q

-ostomy

A

surgical creation of an artificial opening to the body surface

137
Q

colostomy

A

surgical creation of an artificial excretory opening between the colon and the body surface

138
Q

-otomy

A

cutting or a surgical incision

139
Q

colotomy

A

surgical incision into the colon

140
Q

sign

A

objective evidence of disease

141
Q

diagnosis

A

identification of a disease

142
Q

acute

A

a condition that has a rapid onset, a severe course, and relatively short duration

143
Q

disease

A

a condition in which one or more body parts are not functioning normally

144
Q

symptom

A

subjective evidence of a disease

145
Q

differential diagnosis

A

also known as a rule out is an attempt to determine which one of several diseases is causing the signs and symptoms that are present

146
Q

chronic

A

a condition that is of long duration

147
Q

eponym

A

disease, structure, operation, or procedure named for the person who discovered or described it first

148
Q

syndrome

A

set of signs and symptoms that occur together as part of a specific disease process

149
Q

prognosis

A

prediction of the probable course and outcome of a disease

150
Q

remission

A

temporary, partial, or complete disappearance of the symptoms of a disease without having achieved a cure

151
Q

acronym

A

word formed from the initial letter of the major parts of a compound term

152
Q

fissure

A

groove or crack-like sore of the skin

153
Q

fistula

A

abnormal passage, usually between two internal organs or leading from an organ to the surface of the body

154
Q

ileum

A

last and longest portion of the small intestine

155
Q

ilium

A

part of the hip bone

156
Q

infection

A

invasion of the body by a pathogenic organism

157
Q

malaise

A

feeling of general discomfort or uneasiness that is first indication or other disease

158
Q

exudate

A

fluid that leaks out of an infected wound

159
Q

inflammation

A

localized response to an injury or to the destruction of tissues

160
Q

laceration

A

torn or jagged wound or an accidental cut

161
Q

lesion

A

pathologic change of the tissues due to disease or injury

162
Q

mucous

A

specialized membranes that line the body cavities

163
Q

mucus

A

name of the fluid secreted by these mucous membranes

164
Q

myc/o

A

fungus

165
Q

mycosis

A

any abnormal condition or disease caused by a fungus

166
Q

myel/o

A

bone marrow or spinal cord

167
Q

myelopathy

A

any pathologic change or disease in the spinal cord

168
Q

my/o

A

muscle

169
Q

myopathy

A

any pathologic change or disease of muscle tissue

170
Q

-ologist

A

specialist

171
Q

dermatologist

A

a physician who specializes in diagnosing and treating disorders of the skin

172
Q

-ology

A

study of

173
Q

neonatology

A

study of disorders of the newborn

174
Q

palpation

A

examination technique in which the examiner’s hands are used to feel the texture, size, consistency, and location of certain body parts

175
Q

palpitation

A

pounding or racing heart

176
Q

pyel/o

A

renal pelvis

177
Q

pyelitis

A

inflammation of the renal pelvis

178
Q

py/o

A

pus

179
Q

pyoderma

A

any acute, inflammatory, pus forming bacterial skin infection

180
Q

pyr/o

A

fever or fire

181
Q

pyrosis

A

discomfort due to the regurgitation of stomach acid upward into the esophagus also known as heartburn

182
Q

supination

A

act of rotating the arm so that the palm of the hand is forward or upward

183
Q

suppuration

A

formation or discharge of pus

184
Q

triage

A

medical screening of patients to determine their relative priority of need and the proper place of treatment

185
Q

trauma

A

wound or injury

186
Q

viral

A

pertaining to a virus

187
Q

virile

A

having the nature, properties or qualities of an adult male

Medical Terminology (1 decks)

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