Chapter 1: Introduction to Government

Question 1

Government

Answer 1

Institution that makes/creates public policy in a society

Question 2

Economics

Answer 2

Study of Scarcity

Question 3

Democracy

Answer 3

system of selection policy makers who represents and responds to the publics preferences

Question 4

Anarchy

Answer 4

State of disorder due to absence of authority

Question 5

State

Answer 5

Politically bound area controlled by established government that has authority over internal affairs and foreign policy

Question 6

Nation

Answer 6

large number of people who see themselves as a community whom they are loyal to (usually share culture, region, etc)

Question 7

Oligarchy

Answer 7

small group of people in control of the government (ex: small group of wealthy people in charge)

Question 8

Authoritarianism

Answer 8

enforcement of strict obedience to authority at expense of personal freedom

Question 9

Totalitarianism

Answer 9

government where rulers have total unchecked control of the nation

Question 10

constitution

Answer 10

the way in which a government is organized

Question 11

Confederacy

Answer 11

group of people joined together for common purpose

Question 12

Evolution theory

Answer 12

State began from family and extended family

Question 13

Forced theory

Answer 13

People needed to cooperate to survive (build walls etc)

Question 14

Divine Right Theory

Answer 14

Certain people chosen by god

Question 15

Social Contract theory

Answer 15

States exist to protect and serve the people, without government life would be harsh

Question 16

Duties of National government

Answer 16

-collect taxes
-provide national defense
-establish currency
-post office/roads
-create lower courts
-declare war
-print money
-make treaties/conduct foreign policy
-interstate/international trade
-patent laws
-supreme court
-punish counterfeit
-naturalization rules

Question 17

Difference between monarchy and democracy

Answer 17

Monarchy has a single ruler with absolute authority where citizens have little to no say versus a democracy where the majority rules, people vote for representatives, power/rights to the people, no totalitarianism or authoritarianism

Question 18

Advantages of a Federal System of Government

Answer 18

-separation of powers
-protect individual rights
-local governments handle smaller issues better
-suits large country with large population

Question 19

Disadvantages of Federal System of Government

Answer 19

-state government can resist national
-economic/racial inequality
-smaller units may lack money/resources
-national unity difficult to maintain

Question 20

Examples of checks and balances

Answer 20

• congress can impeach president
  -president can veto laws
  -president can nominate supreme court justices
  -supreme court can declare laws unconstitutional
  -supreme court can declare president’s action unconstitutional
  -congress can impeach justices

Question 21

John Locke’s definition of a social contract

Answer 21

Government was created through consent of the people to be ruled by the majority