Brainscape's Knowledge GenomeTM

Browse over 1 million classes created by top students, professors, publishers, and experts.


See full index

EMT > Chapter 1 - Introduction to Emergency Medical Care > Flashcards

Chapter 1 - Introduction to Emergency Medical Care Flashcards

You may prefer our related Brainscape-certified flashcards:
NREMT® EMT flashcards
1
Q

Designated Agent

A

An EMT or other person authorized by their Medical Director to give medications and provide emergency care.

An extension of the Medical Directors license to practice medicine.

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
2
Q

Evidence-based

A

Medical techniques or practices that are supported by science.

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
3
Q

Medical Direction

A

Oversight of patient-care aspects of EMS system by the Medical Director.

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
4
Q

Medical Director

A

Physician who assumes responsibility for patient-care aspects of an EMS system.

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
5
Q

911 System

A

System for telephone access to report emergencies.

Dispatcher takes information and alerts EMS/Fire/Police.

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
6
Q

Enhanced 911

A

911 system that automatically IDs caller’s phone number and location.

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
7
Q

Off-line Medical Direction

A

Medical Director’s standing orders.

Allows EMTs and others to perform certain procedures w/o speaking to a physician.

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
8
Q

On-line Medical Direction

A

Orders from a physician to the EMT in the field via radio or phone.

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
9
Q

Patient Outcomes

A

Long-term survival of patients.

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
10
Q

Protocols

A

Steps (assessments/treatments) to be taken in different situations.

Developed by the Medical Director of an EMS system.

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
11
Q

Quality Improvement (QI)

A

Process of continual self-review.

Purpose is to ID areas of improvement within system.

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
12
Q

Standing Orders

A

Policy/protocol issued by the Medical Director.

Authorizes EMTs and others to perform certain skills in certain situations.

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
13
Q

When did the modern EMS begin in the US?

A

The 1960s.

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
14
Q

When was the NREMT founded?

A

1970.

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
15
Q

Why was NREMT founded?

A

To establish professional standards.

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
16
Q

What does NREMT stand for?

A

National Registry of Emergency Medical Technicians.

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
17
Q

What administration has developed a technical assistance program?

A

National Highway Traffic Safety Administration (NHTSA).

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
18
Q

What is the purpose of NHTSA’s TA program?

A

It’s an assessment program with a set of standards for EMS systems.

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
19
Q

What are the different standards in the NHTSA TA program?

A

Regulations and policy

Resource management

Human Resources and training

Transportation

Facilities

Communications

Public Information and education

Medical direction

Trauma systems

Evaluation

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
20
Q

What is the purpose of the NHTSA TA program standard: Regulations and policy?

A

Each EMS must have legislation, a lead agency, funding, regulation, policies, and procedures.

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
21
Q

What is the purpose of the NHTSA TA program standard: Resource management?

A

Ensures equal access to basic emergency care and transportation.

22
Q

What is the purpose of the NHTSA TA program standard: Human Resources and training?

A

Ensures ambulance personnel have proper training and qualifications.

23
Q

What is the purpose of the NHTSA TA program standard: Transportation?

A

Ensures safe, reliable transportation.

24
Q

What is the purpose of the NHTSA TA program standard: Facilities?

A

Ensures timely delivery of patients to the appropriate facility.

25
Q

What is the purpose of the NHTSA TA program standard: Communication?

A

Ensures effective communication system is in place.

Universal system access number (911), dispatch-to-ambulance, ambulance-to-hospital etc.

26
Q

What is the purpose of the NHTSA TA program standard: Public information and education?

A

EMS personnel participating in efforts to educate public about themselves, injury prevention etc.

27
Q

What is the purpose of the NHTSA TA program standard: Trauma Systems?

A

One or more trauma centers, triage, transfer guidelines for trauma patients etc.

28
Q

What is the purpose of the NHTSA TA program standard: Evaluation?

A

Program to improve effectiveness of EMS.

Could be known as quality assurance (QA), quality improvement (QI), total quality management (TQM).

29
Q

What are the levels of EMS training?

A

Emergency Medical Responder (EMR)

Emergency Medical Technician (EMT)

Advanced EMT (AEMT)

Paramedic

30
Q

What are the roles and responsibilities of the EMT?

A

Personal safety

Safety of the crew, patient, and bystanders

Patient Assessment

Patient Care

Lifting and moving

Transport

Transfer of care

Patient advocacy

31
Q

What is patient advocacy?

A

Transmit knowledge to help the patient continue through the EMS.

Plead patients cause.

32
Q

What are some ways to do Quality Improvement?

A

Prepare carefully written call reports or other documentation.

Become involved in the quality process (i.e. join a quality review committee).

Obtain feedback from patients and staff.

Maintain your equipment.

Go to continuing education courses.

33
Q

What does EMS do in regards to public health?

A

Injury prevention for geriatric patients.

Injury prevention for youth.

Public vaccination programs.

Disease surveillance (i.e. indication of trend in injury or disease)

34
Q

What are the processes of the evidence-based process?

A

Forming a hypothesis.

Reviewing existing literature.

Evaluating the evidence.

Adopting the practice if evidence supports it.

35
Q

Define Retrospective.

A

Looking back at events that have occurred (these types of reviews common in health care).

36
Q

Define prospective.

A

Looks to future.

These types of studies considered more valid and controlled.

37
Q

What is randomization?

A

Participants assigned randomly.

Improve objectivity of study.

38
Q

What is blinding?

A

Aspect of randomization.

Where participant or researcher don’t know which therapy is being given/received.

Single blinded is when the researcher knows therapy being given, patient doesn’t.

Double blinded neither party know therapy being given.

39
Q

What is a control group?

A

A group being given an existing treatment (non-experimental).

Test group receives experimental/new treatment.

40
Q

What is study group similarity?

A

Ensuring that participants in study are similar, that way results aren’t skewed.

41
Q

What are the main types of medical research?

A

Case studies

Cohort/case-control studies

Randomized controlled trials (RCT)

Systematic review

Meta-analysis

42
Q

Explain case studies.

A

Retrospective studies looking at past patients and their outcomes.

43
Q

Explain a cohort study.

A

Compares either two therapies (CPAP vs no CPAP) or patient groups (disease x vs no disease x)

Results are not randomized.

Frequently retrospective.

Prone to bias.

44
Q

Explain randomized control trials (RCT).

A

Participants are randomly assigned into groups (control vs test).

Objectivity is improved.

Blinding is often used in RCT.

45
Q

Explain systematic review.

A

Summarization of studies examining same question.

46
Q

Explain Meta-analysis.

A

Same as systematic review, just smaller in scale.

47
Q

What is level of evidence 1?

A

Most valuable.

Results from RCT or systematic review of RCTs.

48
Q

What is level of evidence 2?

A

Cohort or concurrent control studies without randomization.

49
Q

What is level of evidence 3?

A

Studies that use retrospective controls.

50
Q

What is level of evidence 4?

A

Studies without a control group (case study).

51
Q

What is level of evidence 5?

A

Not directly related to a single patient or population.

52
Q

What are some questions to ask before participating in EMS research?

A

What is the title of the study?

Who is the principle investigator and primary contact?

What is the hypothesis?

What EMS data is needed?

Etc.

EMT (2 decks)

Brainscape helps you reach your goals faster, through stronger study habits.
© 2024 Bold Learning Solutions. Terms and Conditions