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SCIENCE > Chapter 1 Introduction to Cells > Flashcards

Chapter 1 Introduction to Cells Flashcards

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Biology 101 flashcards
1
Q

Specialized cells are found in what type of organisms?

A

Multicellular

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2
Q

What is cell theory?

A

The idea that all living things are made up of cells

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3
Q

What is osmosis?

A

The diffusion of water molecules across a selectively permenable membrane

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4
Q

What did Leeuwenhuok study?

A

bacteria cells

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5
Q

What is the brain of the cell?

A

nucelus

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6
Q

What is an element?

A

a pure substance that cannot be broken down

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7
Q

What is a compound?

A

A mixture of 2 or more elements

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8
Q

What are cells?

A

Cells are the basic units of structure and function of living things

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9
Q

What is an example of a cell’s waste?

A

carbon dioxide

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10
Q

What does the cell membrane do?

A

controls what substances go in and out of a cell

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11
Q

What is the cell wall?

A

A rigid supporting layer for the cells, found only in plant cells

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12
Q

What are tiny cell structures called?

A

organelles

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13
Q

Where are ribosomes made?

A

The nuceolus

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14
Q

What do ribosomes do?

A

produce proteins

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15
Q

Where is the cytoplasm?

A

It is the fluid that fill the region between the cell membrane and the nucleus

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16
Q

What are mitochondria?

A

rod shaped structures nicknamed the “powerhouses” they convert energy stored in food into energy the cell can use

17
Q

What is ER?

A

network that produces many substances

18
Q

What is Golgi Apparatus?

A

packages and distributes newly formed material from the ER

19
Q

What are vacuoles?

A

A sac that stores water. food or other materials

20
Q

What are chloroplasts?

A

Captures energy from the sun and turns it into energy. Only in plant cells

21
Q

What are lysosomes?

A

Which contain substances that break down food particles into smaller ones the cell can use

22
Q

What shape is DNA in?

A

double helix

23
Q

What is in carbohydrates?

A

carbon, hydrogen and oxygen

24
Q

What are in lipids?

A

carbon, hydrogen and oxygen

25
Q

What are proteins made of?

A

carbon, hydrogen, oxygen, nitrogen and sulfur

26
Q

What do enzymes do?

A

speed up chemical reactions

27
Q

What does selectively permeable mean?

A

It means some substances can cross the membrane while others can’t

28
Q

What is passive transport?

A

The movement of dissolved materials without using cellular energy

29
Q

What is osmosis?

A

The movement of water molecules across the cell’s membrane

30
Q

What is active transport?

A

The movement of dissolved materials across the cell’s membrane using cellular energy.

31
Q

What is endocytosis?

A

When the cell membrane changes shape and engulfs a food particle

32
Q

What is exocytosis?

A

allows large particles to leave the cell

SCIENCE (2 decks)

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