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Floral Notes > Chapter 1 Introduction: Part 1 Elements and Principles of Design > Flashcards

Chapter 1 Introduction: Part 1 Elements and Principles of Design Flashcards

1
Q

Attributes of excellence:

Distinction

A

quality of unique charm, taste, and originality.

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2
Q

Attributes of excellence:

Individuality

A

the expression of a designer’s personality.

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3
Q

Attributes of excellence:

Originality

A

reflection of creative thinking, imagination, vision, and interpretation.

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4
Q

Composition

A

the grouping of the various parts to make the design.

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5
Q

Suitability

A

the state of being appropriate to the circumstances and/or location.

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6
Q

Elements of Design:

Line

A

the visual path the eye follows to produce motion.

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7
Q

Elements of Design:

Form

A

the shape or contour of the individual componets in a composition.

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8
Q

Elements of Design:

Space

A

the open areas around the individual components in a composition.

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9
Q

Elements of Design:

Texture

A

physical surface qualities of plant materials.

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10
Q

Elements of Design:

Pattern

A

when texture is enlarged becomes pattern, less perceived by touch.

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11
Q

Elements of Design:

Color

A

response of the eye to various reflected wavelengths and pigments.

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12
Q

Color harmony- the various usable or pleasing combinations of colors (hues)

A

a

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13
Q

Color harmony:

Hue

A

a particular color.

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14
Q

Color harmony:

Chroma

A

pure hue, undiluted with white, black, or grey

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15
Q

Color harmony:

Value

A

designate the lightness or darkness of a hue.

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16
Q

Color harmony:

Tint

A

any color to which white has been added. Red plus white becomes pink, etc. Aka pastels

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17
Q

Color harmony:

Shade

A

a color to which black has been added.

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18
Q

Color harmony:

Tone

A

a color grayed by its complement or the addition of grey. Tones have less brilliance.

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19
Q

Monochromatic

A

arrangement using only one hue

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20
Q

Analogous

A

arrangement using three or more hues in sequence on the chart

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21
Q

Complementary colors are opposite on the color wheel. red and green, blue and orange, yellow and violet.

A

aa

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22
Q

Achromatic

A

neutral colors. black, white, and or grey.

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23
Q

Primary principals of designs:

Proportion

A

composition to each other in size, quantity, and degree of emphasis

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24
Q

Primary principals of designs:

Balance

A

a state of equilibrium and is achieved when components are composed.

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25
Q

Primary principals of designs:

Symmetical balance

A

formal, man-made, and characterized by perfect symmetry.

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26
Q

Primary principals of designs:

Asymmetrical balance

A

natural-informal, and it is not a mirror image of both sides of a plane, axis, or point.

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27
Q

Primary principals of designs:

Rhythm

A

visual movement throughout a design, usually achieved by means of repetition or gradation.

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28
Q

Primary principals of designs:

Harmony

A

aesthetic quality created through the pleasing interaction of a combination of components in a composition.

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29
Q

Primary principals of designs:

Unity

A

oneness of purpose, thought, style, and spirit.

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30
Q

Primary principals of designs:

Contrast

A

difference between objects when they are placed next to each other

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31
Q

Secondary principals of design:

Scale

A

the relative ratio of the size of a composition to its surroundings

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32
Q

Secondary principals of design:

Emphasis

A

area in composition that is given importance to make it stand out.

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33
Q

Secondary principals of design:

Depth

A

placement of materials at different levels in and around an arrangement

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34
Q

Secondary principals of design:

Repetition

A

the repeating of like elements within a composition

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35
Q

Secondary principals of design:

Transition

A

visual movement that comes from gradual degrees of changes in line, form, color space, pattern, and size.

36
Q

Secondary principals of design:

Variation

A

basic similarity but with minor differences

37
Q

Secondary principals of design:

Oppostion

A

total contrast that brings about contradiction in a design.

38
Q

Secondary principals of design:

Tension

A

dynamic aesthetic quality expressing action or the force of energy within or upon a design component by the skillful use of contrast.

39
Q

Stem placement:

Radial

A

having materials arranged like the rays coming from a common center. ex peacock tails.

40
Q

Stem placement:

Parallel

A

two or more lines that have the saem direction and with continuous equal space in between them. ex. railroad tracks, picket fence.

41
Q

Stem placement:

Abstract

A

non-realistic placement of stems with no relation to a growth point or a water source. ex. a leaf suspended in a design with its head down and stems up.

42
Q

Stem placement:

Integrated

A

combination of two or more of the stem placements

43
Q

Vegetative design

A

naturalistic design style in which flowers and plant materials are placed the way they grow.

44
Q

Geometric design

A

a composition with a definite geometric shape composed of line, mass, or line-mass concepts with radical stem placements

45
Q

S curve

A

aka Hogarth curve

46
Q

Formalinear

A

an asymmetrically balanced design of interesting materials, each of which is few in number and usually grouped, that emphasizes forms and lines.
Reduce materials to a min.
Radial placement is typical. Asymmetrical balance is typical.
Must be displayed in front of plain or muted backgrounds that do not compete with te deisng.

47
Q

Parallel deisng

A

individual stems or groups of stems are placed in the same direction, and are always the same distance a part from end to end.

48
Q

Free form

A

creative design inspired by unconventional ideas, styles, and patterns yet adhering to the elements and principles of the design.

49
Q

Interpretive

A

organization of design elements to suggest a given theme, idea, occasion, mood, or atmosphere.

50
Q

Progressive steps of traditional designs:

Classic

A

established standard of excellence; timeless; work of enduring worth as influenced by ancient Greece or Rome.

51
Q

Progressive steps of traditional designs:

Realistic

A

a faithful reproduction of nature, photograpic, objective, with one point perspective; seeing the world as it is.

52
Q

Progressive steps of traditional designs:

Geometric

A

reflects perfect order; definite mathematical and geometric design; was developed from geometric patterns

53
Q

Free form interpretive design

A

pure design, which evolves its own concept, independent of preconceived patterns; intrinsic value expressed in aesthetic beauty; expressive, with unlimited imagination

54
Q

Progressive steps of traditional designs:

Abstract

A

visionary, intutitive, reflecting the essence of purity in line, form, color, and texture in space- expressing rhythm and emotion through an intellectual process.

55
Q

Flower form:

Line flowers

A

generally erect, tall spikes of blossoms with florets blooming along the stem.

56
Q

Flower form:

Mass flowers

A

single stems with one solid head.

57
Q

Flower form:

Form flowers

A

have distinctive shapes, leave space between them so they can remain individuals.

58
Q

Flower form:

Filler

A

mult-branched or feathery and are used to “fill in” arrangements.

59
Q

The first and foremost need of flowers

A

Water

60
Q

The second need of flowers

A

food

61
Q

Roses have an increased vase life if grown at what temp. Not only does it affect vase life, but also pigmentation.

A

70 degrees

62
Q

Roses with extrememly tigt buds are know as

A

bull heads

63
Q

The natural loss of water in plants and flowers

A

transpiration

63
Q

A relative humidity of % is recommended for most flowers stored in the refrigerator.

A

90%

64
Q

Low humidity can actually pull the moisture from flowers which causes

A

Accelerate the aging process

65
Q

Ethylene gas can cause the flowers to die. Sources of ethylene gas are

A

Normal healthy tissues of the plant, damaged foliage and diseased tissue of the flower, fruits, and incomplete combustion of fossil fuels.

66
Q

Symptoms of ethylene damage are

A

Downward bending of leaves, premature withering or rapid development or aging.

67
Q

The three main ingredients in floral food are

A

Sugar, bio-inhibitor, and an acidifier

68
Q

Sugar is food for the flower. Bio-inhibitor prevents rapid and uncontrolled bacteria growth.

A

Note

69
Q

Wiring methods

A

Insertion, hook, or hairpin methods.

70
Q

Steel picks

A

Small barbed piece of steel, frequently used with silk and drid materials

71
Q

Greening pins

A

Has a “s” curve across the top. Used to apply greenery to wreath and anchor moss to various foam bases.

72
Q

Back pins aka straight pins

A

Useful to apply flowers on set designs for funeral piece.

73
Q

Anchor pins

A

Small plastic disk with four prongs. Floral foam or styrofoam is then impaled on the prongs. Eliminates the need for tape

74
Q

Dixon pins

A

Strong anchoring device made of wooden picks attached to opposite ends of a flexible metal strip. They are used to attach styrofoam.

75
Q

Look over info on making bows. Page 145

A

Page 145

76
Q

Design techniques- abstracting

A

Changing a type of plant material so thT it looks unnatural.

77
Q

Bailing

A

Simulation of a bale of grass or hay by compressing and typing plant materials together. Pg 150

78
Q

Banding-

A

Encircling plant or man made materials in concise and consecutive rings with decorative appointments such as gold wire, raffia, or silk cording. Pg150

79
Q

Basing

A

Techniques such as clustering, layering, terracing, and pave are used to make a decorative surface for the foundation from which the floral composition emerges. Pg 150

80
Q

Collaring

A

Surrounding a flower, bouquet, or container rim w natural or man made leaves or other materials to create a finished appearance.

81
Q

Gradation/sequencing-

A

Placement of like materials in an ordered sequence, from largest to smallest or darkest to lightest, etc.

82
Q

Look at page 155

A

Look at page 156

83
Q

Episcopalian church

A

The florist is not allowed behind the altar rail. No artifical flowers or greenery may be used

84
Q

Greek Orthodox wedding

A

Flowers are normally placed on the soles located in front of the altar. Women are. To permitted to enter the Holy of Holies behind the icon screen

85
Q

Types of corsages

A

Crescent, cluster, triangle, “v”, round, informal clusters,

Floral Notes (1 decks)

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