Chapter 1: Introduction - Matter and Measurement Flashcards
What are the 3 different states of matter?
Gas, liquid, solid
What the qualities of a gas?
No fixed volume or shape, conforms to shape/volume of its container
What are the properties of a liquid?
A liquid has a distinct volume independent of its container but no specific shape. It cannot be compressed.
What are the properties of a solid?
A solid has a definite shape and a definite volume. It cannot be compressed.
What is it about the molecular properties of gas that allow it to be compressed?
Gas molecules are distanced far apart from each other, and moving at high speeds. Compressing the molecules decreases the space between them but doesn’t change their shape.
What is a pure substance?
Matter that has distinct properties and a composition that does not vary from sample to sample
What are the properties of an element?
An element cannot be decomposed into simpler substances and is composed of only one kind of atom.
True or false: Hydrogen atoms exist naturally as diatomic molecules
True
True or false: Oxygen atoms exist naturally as triatomic molecules
False - they exist as diatomic molecules
What is a heterogenous mixture?
A mixture that does not have the same composition, properties and appearance throughout
What is a homogenous mixture?
A mixture that does have the same composition, properties and appearance throughout
In relation to chemistry, what is a physical change?
A substance changes its physical appearance but not its composition
True or false: A change of state is a physical change
True
In relation to chemistry, what is a chemical change?
A chemical change is when a substance is changed into a chemically different substance
Define distillation
Distillation is the process of separating the components or substances from a liquid mixture by using selective boiling and condensation
