Chapter 1 - Introduction Flashcards
What is the largest Forensic science organization in the world?
American Academy of Forensic Science
Unrealistic expectations that every crime scene will yield forensic evidence, brought upon by television shows.
The CSI Effect
One of the earliest records of applying forensic science to solve a criminal case.
Yi Yu Ji (A collection of criminal cases)
What is the definition of Forensic Science?
The application of science to law.
Who recorded the first notes about fingerprint characteristics?
Marcello Malpighi (1686)
Who devised the first successful test for detecting the potion arsenic in corpses?
Carl Wilhelm Scheele (1775)
Who des covered a more precise method for detecting small amounts of arsenic in the walls of a victim’s stomach?
Valentin Ross (1806)
Who is considered to be the father of forensics?
Mathieu Orfila
Who invented the polarizing microscope?
William Nichol (1828)
Who formulated the first procedure for microscopic detection of sperm?
Henri Louis Bayard (1839)
Who created the first system of personal identification?
Alphonse Bertillion (1879)
What is anthropology/morphology?
The study of the structure of living organisms.
Who had a influence on popularizing scientific crime detection methods?
Sir Arthur Conan Doyle
Who was the fictional character that helped popularize scientific crime detection methods?
Sherlock Holmes
Who discovered that blood can be grouped into different categories?
Dr. Karl Landsteiner (1901)
What are the categories that blood can be grouped into?
A, B, AB, O
Who developed a technique for grouping blood from a dried blood stain?
Dr. Leon Lattes
What is Locard’s exchange principle?
When two object come in contact with one another materials are exchanged between them.
Who first used the comparison microscope to examine firearms?
Colonel Calvin Goddard
Who developed the first DNA profiling test?
Sir Alec Jefferys
What is the oldest forensic laboratory in the United States?
The Los Angeles Police Department
What are the basic services provided by a full service crime laboratory?
Physical Science Unit Biology Unit Firearms Unit Document Examination Unit Photography Unit
What is scientific method?
A process that uses strict guidelines to ensure careful and systematic collection, organization, and analysis of information.
In Frye v. United States what did the court rule?
In order to be admitted as evidence in trial, the questioned procedure or technique must be GENERALLY ACCEPTED
What is an expert witness?
A person possessing knowledge not expected of the average person.
First to apply scientific principles to document examination
Albert Osborn
What are four agencies that offer forensic services?
FBI
DEA
ATF
USPIS
