Chapter 1: Introduction Flashcards

1
Q

Main Helicopter Advantages

A
  • Vertical takeoff/landing
  • Ability to hove for extended periods
  • Unique handling properties under low airspeed conditions
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2
Q

Types of Rotors(comprises Rotor Systems):

Main Rotor

A
  • mounted horizontally to a vertical mast to provide vertical lift. Rotates counter-clockwise(US) Clockwise(EU)
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3
Q

Types of Rotors(comprises Rotor Systems):

Tail Rotor

A
  • mounted vertically to provide horizontal/ anti-torque lift
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4
Q

Types of Rotors(comprises Rotor Systems):

Tandem Rotor

A
  • Aka Dual Rotor
  • two large twin counter-rotating horizontal rotor system/assemblies for heavy weight machines
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5
Q

Types of Rotors(comprises Rotor Systems):

Coaxial Rotor

A
  • pair of counter-rotating rotors mounted on same mast one above each other.
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6
Q

What is the Make Up of a Main Rotor System?

A
  • Mast: hollow cynlindrical metal shaft extending up from/driven from transmisson
  • Hub: attachment point for rotor blades at top of mast
  • Rotor Blades
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7
Q

Rotor System Classifications

A
  • Semi rigid:
  • Rigid
  • Fully articulated explanations in chapter 4
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8
Q

What is the Make Up of a Anti-Torique(tail) Rotor System?

A
  • Drive shaft: powered by main transmission and a gearbox mounted at end of tail boom
  • Gearbox: provides angled drive for the tail rotor
  • Tail rotor blades
  • Pitch change links: adjusted to set the angle of incidence
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9
Q

Purpose of Anti Torque(Tail) Rotor System

A
  • Newton’s 3rd law: every action has an equal and opposite reaction: creation of torque
  • With a single main rotor helicopter, the creation of torque as the engine turns the rotor creates a torque effect that causes the body of the helicopter to turn in the opposite direction of the rotor.
  • Tail rotor system creates anti torque to combat this by pushing or puling against the tail
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10
Q

Basic Helicopter Controls:

Cyclic

A
  • varies the pitch of the rotor blades throughout each revolution of the main rotor system to create unequal lift(thrust)
  • Tilts the rotor disc in a particular direction resulting in helicopter moving in that direction(i.e. cyclic pushed forward pushes rotor disc forward and creates forward thrust)
  • can be joystick or teetering bar control system.
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11
Q

Basic Helicopter Controls:

**Collective **

A
  • Changes pitch angle of all main rotor blades collectively. All blades change equally, increasing/decreasing total lift or thrust
  • Result is increase or decrease in altitude or airspeed.
  • Variable friction control to prevent inadvertent movement
  • Aka collective pitch control
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12
Q

Basic Helicopter Controls:

Anti-Torque Pedals

A
  • Control direction in which nose is pointed.
  • Pedal input changes pitch of tail rotor blades
  • Increases/reduces thrust produced by tail rotor and causes nose to yaw in direction of applied pedal.
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13
Q

Basic Helicopter Controls:

Throttle

A
  • controls power produced by engine connected to rotor via transmission
  • Purpose: maintain enough engine power to keep rotor rpm within allowable range to keep rotor producing enough lift for flight
  • Twist grip mounted on collective
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14
Q

Two Types of Flying

A
  • Hover: more challenging b/c helicopter generates its own gusty air acting against the fuselage.
    • Requires constant inputs + corrections to keep.
    • Cyclic used to eliminate drift in horizontal direction(control forward/back/left/right)
    • Collective used to maintain altitude
    • Pedals control nose heading.
  • Forward flight
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15
Q
A
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