Chapter 1 - Introduction Flashcards
Anatomy
the study of the structures of the body
- what they are made of
- where they are located
- associated structures
Physiology
the study of the functions of body structures (individually and in groups)
Gross Anatomy / Macroscopic Anatomy
the type of anatomy that examines large visible structures
Microscopic Anatomy
the type of anatomy that examines cells and molecules
Cytology
the study of cells and their structures
Histology
the study of tissues and their functions
Cell Physiology
the study that examines the processes within and between cells
Organ Physiology
the study that examines the functions of specific organs (ex. heart)
Systemic Physiology
the study that examines the functions of an organ system
Pathological Physiology
the study that examines the effects of the heart
Levels of Organization in the Body
(smallest to largest)
- Chemical / Molecular
- Cellular
- Tissue
- Organ
- Organ System
- Organism
How many organ systems are in the human body?
11
Organ System
a group of organs working together
Organ
group of different tissues working together
Tissue
group of different cells working together
Cells
a group of atoms, molecules, and organelles working together
Atoms
the smallest chemical unit
Molecules
groups of atoms working together
What are the organ systems in the human body?
Integumentary
Skeletal
Muscular
Nervous
Endocrine
Cardiovascular
Lymphatic
Respiratory
Digestive
Urinary
Reproductive
Integumentary System (Organs)
Skin
Hair
Nails
Sweat glands
Integumentary System (Functions)
-Protects against environmental hazards
-Helps regulate body temperature
-Provides sensory information
Skeletal System (Organs)
Bones
Cartilage
Associated ligaments
Bone marrow
Joints
Skeletal System (Functions)
-Provides support and protection for other tissues
-Stores calcium and other minerals
-Forms blood cells
Muscular System (Organs)
Skeletal muscles and their associated tendones
