Chapter 1: Intro To Patho Physiology

Question 1

Etiology

Answer 1

Study of causes or reasons for phenomena

Question 2

What are the classes of ecology?

Answer 2

Idiopathic and iatrogenic

Question 3

Risk Factor

Answer 3

Increases the likelihood of a disease

Question 4

What are clinical manifestations?

Answer 4

Signs, Symptoms, and Syndrome

Question 5

What are signs?

Answer 5

Objective or observed manifestation of a disease

Question 6

Examples of Signs

Answer 6

Fever, cough, blood pressure, wound, and heart rate

Question 7

What are symptoms?

Answer 7

Subjective feeling of abnormality of the person

Question 8

Examples of symptoms

Answer 8

Chest pain, fatigue, taste, and smell

Question 9

What are syndromes?

Answer 9

Etiology of signs and symptoms has not yet been determined

Question 10

Latent Period

Answer 10

The time between exposure to injury until the first signs and symptoms show up

Question 11

Prodromal Period

Answer 11

The time when the first signs and symptoms show up which indicates the onset of disease

Question 12

Subclinical Stage

Answer 12

Patient functions normally; disease processes are well established

Question 13

Acute Clinical Course

Answer 13

Short-lived; may have severe manifestations

Question 14

Chronic Clinical Course

Answer 14

Lasts months to years, sometimes begins with an acute course

Question 15

Exacerbation

Answer 15

Sudden increase in severity of disease or signs or symptoms

Question 16

Remission

Answer 16

Decrease in severity, signs, or symptoms which can indicate that the disease has been cured

Question 17

Convalescence

Answer 17

The stage of recovery after a disease, injury, or surgery

Question 18

Sequela

Answer 18

Subsequent pathologic condition that results from an illness

Question 19

Example of Sequela

Answer 19

Acute Respiratory Distress Syndrome (ARDS)

Question 20

Sensitivity

Answer 20

Probability that a test will be positive when applied to a person with a particular condition. AKA True Positive

Question 21

Specificity

Answer 21

Probability that test will be negative when applied to a person without a particular condition. AKA True Negative

Question 22

Endemic Disease

Answer 22

Disease is native to a local region

Question 23

Epidemic Disease

Answer 23

Disease has spread to many people at the same time (Large scale of population)

Question 24

Pandemic Disease

Answer 24

Disease spread to large geographic areas (many countries)

Question 25

What are factors that can affect patterns of disease distribution?

Answer 25

Age, ethnicity, gender, lifestyle, and geographic location

Question 26

What are the levels of prevention?

Answer 26

Primary, Secondary, and Tertiary

Question 27

Primary Prevention

Answer 27

Change of susceptibility to disease or reducing exposure for susceptible persons

Question 28

Secondary Prevention

Answer 28

Early detection, screening, and management of disease such as washing hands or vaccines

Question 29

Tertiary Prevention

Answer 29

Rehabilitation and restoring effective functioning such as therapy or rehab programs