1. Ultima 2. Penult 3. Antepenult

1. the last syllable 2. the almost-last syllable 3. the one that is just before the penult

- Root - Suffix - Prefix

- Foundation or subject of the term - Ending that gives essential meaning to the term - Added to the beginning of the term when needed to further modify the root

- ia, -ism example: pneumonia, autism,

Chapter 1 Intro Flashcards by Katie Williams-Ahmuty

Medical Language allows healthcare professionals too….

Be clear, communicate quickly and provide comfort to patients

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Medical language comes mostly from two ancient languages…

Greek and Latin

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Eponyms

Word is based on a name

Example: Lou Gehrig’s disease

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Acronyms

Abbreviated

Example: MRI

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Ultima
Penult
Antepenult

the last syllable
the almost-last syllable
the one that is just before the penult

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Root
Suffix
Prefix

Foundation or subject of the term
Ending that gives essential meaning to the term
Added to the beginning of the term when needed to further modify the root

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Gen/o

JIN-oh

Creation, cause

Example: Pathogenic

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hydr/o

HAI-droh

Water

Example: hydrophobia, dehydration

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morph/o

MOR-foh

Change

Example: morphology

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myc/o

MAI-koh

Fungus

Example: dermatomycosis

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necr/o

NEK-roh

death

Example: necrosis

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orth/o

OR-thoh

straight

Example: orthodontist

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path/o

PAH-thoh

suffering, disease

Example: pathology

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phag/o

FAY-goh

eat

example: aphasia

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plas/o

PLAS-oh

formation

example: hyperplasia

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py/o

PAI-oh

pus

example: pyorrhea, pyemia

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scler/o

SKLEH-roh

hard

example: scleroderma

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sten/o

STIH-noh

narrowing

example: stenosis

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troph/o

TROPH-foh

nourishment, development

example: tropology, hypertrophy

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xen/o

ZEE-noh

foreign

example: xenograft

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Adjective
Noun
Diminutive

often means pertaining to
turn the root into a noun
transform a terms meaning to a smaller version

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Adjective

pertaining to

ac, -al, -ar, -ary, -eal, -ic, -tic, -ous

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Noun

condition

ia, -ism

example: pneumonia, autism,

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Suffix

-y

conidtion, procedure

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Diminutive | Suffix meaning small

-icle, -ole, -ule, -ula

medical science | complex suffixes that are professional terms

-iatrics, -iatry

specialist in medicine of | complex suffixes that are professional terms

-iatrist

specialist | complex suffixes that are professional terms

-ist

specialists in the study of

-logist

study of

-logy

Suffixes that describe symptoms, diseases, and conditions pain

-algia, -dynia

Suffixes that describe symptoms, diseases, and conditions hernia (a bulging of tissue into an area where it doesnt belong)

-cele

Suffixes that describe symptoms, diseases, and conditions blood condition

-emia

Suffixes that describe symptoms, diseases, and conditions presence of

-iasis

inflammation Suffixes that describe symptoms, diseases, and conditions

-itis

loosen, break down | Suffixes that describe symptoms, diseases, and conditions

-lysis

abnormal softening

-malacia

enlargement

-megaly

resembling

-oid

tumor

-oma

condition

-osis

disease

-pathy

deficiency

-penia

drooping

-ptosis

excessive flow

-rrhage, -rrhagia

flow

-rrhea

rupture

-rrhexis

involuntary contraction

-spasm

Suffixes that mean tests: | puncture

-centesis

Suffixes that mean tests: | written record

-gram

Suffixes that mean tests: | instrument used to prduce a record

-graph

Suffixes that mean tests: | process of recording

-graphy

Suffixes that mean tests: | instrument used to m,easure

-meter

Suffixes that mean tests: | process of measuring

-metry

Suffixes that mean tests: | instrument used to look

-scope

Suffixes that mean tests: | process of looking

-scopy

Complex suffixes that mean treatments: | binding,fixation

-desis

Complex suffixes that mean treatments | removal

-ectomy

Complex suffixes that mean treatments | surgical fixation

-pexy

Complex suffixes that mean treatments | reconstruction

-plasty

Complex suffixes that mean treatments | suture

-rrhaphy

Complex suffixes that mean treatments | creation of an opening

-stomy

Complex suffixes that mean treatments | incision

-tomy

singulars

- a, -ax, -ex, -ix, -is, -ma | - on, -um, -us, -y

plural

- ae, -aces, -ices, -es, -mata | - a, -i, -ies

Negation Prefixes | not

a-, an-

Negation Prefixes | against

anti-, contra-

Negation Prefixes | down, away from

de-

Time or speed prefixes | before

ante-, pre-, pro-

Time or speed prefixes | slow

brady-

Time or speed prefixes | fast

tachy-

Time or speed prefixes | after

post-

Time or speed prefixes | again

re-

Direction or position prefixes | away

ab-

Direction or position prefixes | towards

ad-

Direction or position prefixes: | around

circum-, peri-

Direction or position prefixes | through

dia-,trans-

Direction or position prefixes: | out

e-,ec-,ex-

Direction or position prefixes | outside

ecto-, exo-, extra-

Direction or position prefixes | in, inside

en-, endo-, intra

Direction or position prefixes | upon

epi-

Direction or position prefixes | beneath

sub-

Direction or position prefixes | between

inter-

Size or quantity prefixes | two

bi-

Size or quantity prefixes | half

hemi-, semi-

Size or quantity prefixes | over

hyper-

Size or quantity prefixes | under

hypo-

Size or quantity prefixes | large

macro-

Size or quantity prefixes | small

micro-

Size or quantity prefixes | one

mono-, uni-

Size or quantity prefixes | few

oligo-

Size or quantity prefixes | all

pan-

Size or quantity prefixes | many

poly-, multi-

General prefixes | with, together

con-, syn-, sym-

General prefixes | bad

dys-