Chapter 1: Into to HAZMAT

Question 1

Acute

Answer 1

Characterized by sharpness or severity; having rapid onset and a relatively short duration.

Question 2

Acute Health Effects

Answer 2

Health effects that occur or develop rapidly after exposure to a hazardous substance.

Question 3

Authority Having Jurisdiction (AHJ)

Answer 3

An organization, office, or individual responsible for enforcing the requirements of a code or standard, or approving equipment, materials, an insulation, or a procedure.

Question 4

Awareness Level

Answer 4

Lowest level of training established by the NFPA for personnel at HAZMAT incidents.

Question 5

Bacteria

Answer 5

Microscopic, single-celled organisms.

Question 6

Chemical Energy

Answer 6

Potential energy stored in the internal structure of a material that my be released during a chemical reaction or transformation.

Question 7

Chronic

Answer 7

Marked by long duration; recurring over a period of time.

Question 8

Chronic Health Effects

Answer 8

Long-term health effects resulting from exposure to a hazardous substance.

Question 9

Corrosive

Answer 9

Capable of causing damage by gradually eroding, rusting, or destroying a material.

Question 10

Dangerous Goods

Answer 10

(1) Any product, substance, or organism included by its nature or by regulation in any of the nine UN classifications of hazardous materials. (2) Alternate term used in Canada and other countries for hazardous materials. (3) Term used in the U.S. and Canada for hazardous materials aboard aircraft.

Question 11

Electricity

Answer 11

Form of energy resulting from the presence and flow of charge particles.

Question 12

Hazard

Answer 12

Condition, substance, or device that can directly cause injury or loss; the source of a risk.

Question 13

Hazardous Materials

Answer 13

Any substance or material that poses an unreasonable risk to health, safety, property, and/or the environment if it is not properly controlled during handling, storage, manufacture, processing, packaging, use, disposal, or transportation.

Question 14

Heat

Answer 14

Form of energy associated with the motion of atoms or molecules in solids or liquids that is transferred from one body to another as a result of a temperature difference between the bodies, such as from the sun to the earth. To signify its intensity, it is measured in degrees of temperature.

Question 15

Incident Commander (IC)

Answer 15

Person in charge of the ICS and responsible for the management of all incident operations during an emergency.

Question 16

Mechanical Energy

Answer 16

Energy possessed by objects due to their position or motion, the sum of potential and kinetic energy.

Question 17

Mitigate

Answer 17

(1) to cause to become less harsh or hostile; to make less severe, intense or painful; to alleviate. (2) Third of three steps (locate, isolate, mitigate) in one method of sizing up an emergency situation.

Question 18

National Fire Protection Association (NFPA)

Answer 18

US nonprofit educational and technical association devoted to protecting life and property from fire by developing fire protection standards and educating the public. Located in Quincy, Mass.

Question 19

Operations Level

Answer 19

Level of training established by the NFPA allowing first responders to take defensive actions at HAZMAT incidents.

Question 20

Operations Mission-Specific Level

Answer 20

Level of training established by the NFPA allowing first responders to take additional defensive tasks and limited offensive actions at HAZMAT incidents.

Question 21

Pressure

Answer 21

Force per unit area exerted by a liquid or gas measured in pounds per square inch (PSI) or kilopascals (kPa).

Question 22

Radiation

Answer 22

Energy from a radioactive source emitted in the form of waves or particles, as a result of the decay of an atomic nucleus; process known as radioactivity.

Question 23

Routes of Entry

Answer 23

Pathways by which hazardous materials get into (or affect) the human body.

Question 24

Situational Awareness

Answer 24

Perception of the surrounding environment and the ability to anticipate future events.

Question 25

Standard Operating Procedures (SOPs)

Answer 25

Standard methods or rules in which an organization or fire department operates to carry out a routine function. Usually these procedures are written in a policies and procedures handbook and all firefighters should be well versed in their content.

Question 26

Toxic

Answer 26

Poisonous

Question 27

Toxin

Answer 27

Substance that has the property of being poisonous.

Question 28

Virus

Answer 28

Simplest type of microorganism that can only replicate itself in the living cells of its hosts. Viruses are unaffected by antibiotics.

Question 29

Weapons of Mass Destructions (WMDs)

Answer 29

Any weapon or device that is intended or has the capability to cause death or serious bodily injury to a significant number of people through the release, dissemination, or impact of toxic or poisonous chemicals or their precursors, a disease organism, or radiation or radioactivity; may include chemical, biological, radiological, nuclear, or explosive (CBRNE) type weapons.