Chapter 1 (incomplete) Flashcards
Studies the structure of body parts and their relationship to one another
Anatomy
How body parts work and carry out their life-sustaining activities
Physiology
The study of large body structures visible to the naked eye
Gross/macroscopic anatomy
All the structures in a particular region of the body are examined at the same time
Regional anatomy
Body structure is studied system by system
Systemic anatomy
The study of internal structure as they relate to the overlying skin surface
Surface anatomy
Deals with structures too small to be seen with the naked eye
Microscopic anatomy
Considers the cells of the body
Cytology
The study of tissues
Histology
Traces structural changes that occur throughout the life span
Developmental anatomy
A subdivision of developmental anatomy, concerns developmental changes that occur before birth
Embryology
Structural changes caused by disease
Pathological anatomy
Internal structures as visualized by X-ray images images or specialized scanning procedures
Radiographic anatomy
Feeling organs with your hands
Palpation
Listening to organ sounds with a stethoscope
Auscultation
Concerns kidney function and urine production
Renal physiology
Explains the workings of the nervous system
Neurophysiology
Examines the operation of the heart and blood vessels
Cardiovascular physiology
What a structure can do depends on its specific form
Principle of complementary of structure and function
Groups of similar cells that have a common function
Tissues
Covers the body surface and lines its cavities
Epithelial tissue
Tissue that provides movement
Muscle tissue
Tissue that supports and protects body organs
Connective tissue
Tissue that provides a means of rapid communication by transmitting electrical impulses
Nervous tissue
A discrete structure composed of at least two tissue types ( four is more common ) that performs a specific function for the body
Organ
Organs that work together to accomplish a common purpose
Organ system
The sum total of all structural levels working together to keep us alive
Organismal level
Takes in nutrients, breaks them down, and eliminates unabsorbed matter as feces
Digestive system
Takes in oxygen and eliminates carbon dioxide
Respiratory system
Forms the external body covering and protects deeper tissue from injury
Integumentary system
Protects and supports body organs and provides a framework the muscles use to cause movement
Skeletal system
Allows manipulation of the environment, locomotion, and facial expression
Muscular system
Responds to external and internal changes by activating appropriate muscles and glands
Nervous system
Glands that secrete hormones that regulate processes such as growth, reproduction, and nutrient use
Endocrine system
Blood vessels transport blood, which carries oxygen, carbon dioxide, nutrients, wastes, etc. The heart pumps blood
Cardiovascular system
Picks up fluid leaked from blood vessels and returns it to blood, disposes of debris in the _____ system, houses white blood cells ( lymphocytes ) involved in immunity
Lymphatic system
Eliminates nitrogenous wastes from the body; regulates water, electrolyte, and acid-base balance of the blood
Urinary system
Testes produce sperm and male sex hormone. Male ducts and glands aid in the delivery of sperm to the female reproductive tract
Male reproductive system
Ovaries produce eggs and female sex hormones. The remaining female structures serve as sites for fertilization and development of the fetus
Female reproductive system
