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Abnormal Psychology > Chapter 1 (historical Context) > Flashcards

Chapter 1 (historical Context) Flashcards

1
Q

Psychological disorder

A

Psychological dysfunction with distress or impairment that is not a typical social response

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2
Q

Phobia

A

Psychological disorder that is characterized by regular fear of an object or situation

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3
Q

Abnormal behavior

A

Actions that differ from the norm and are unexpected

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4
Q

Psychopathology

A

Study of psychological disorders

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5
Q

Science-practitioners

A

A scientific mental health professional (research, diagnoses, etc)

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6
Q

Clinical description

A

Details of symptoms that make up a disorder

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7
Q

Prevalence

A

Number of people with a disorder at one time

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8
Q

Incidence

A

Number of new cases over time

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9
Q

Course

A

Pattern of development of disorder over time

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10
Q

Prognosis

A

Predicted development of a disorder over time

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11
Q

Etiology

A

Course or source of a disorder

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12
Q

Exorcism

A

Religious ritual to remove demon or spirits

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13
Q

Psychosocial treatment

A

Treatment practices that focus on social and psychological factors

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14
Q

Moral therapy

A

Treating patients as normally as possible (19th century)

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15
Q

Mental hygiene movement

A

Attempt to improve care in mid 19th century by informing public of mistreatment

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16
Q

Psychoanalysis

A

Freud’s unconscious and conflict theories

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17
Q

Behaviorism

A

Explaining behavior through learning and adaptation

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18
Q

Unconscious

A

The cognition outside of a persons awareness

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19
Q

Catharsis

A

Release of emotional tension

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20
Q

Psychoanalytic model

A

Complex model that seeks to understand development of personality and where abnormal behavior is from

21
Q

Id

A

Unconscious, basic drives

22
Q

Ego

A

Balances id with reality

23
Q

Superego

24
Q

Interpsychic conflicts

A

Struggle of Id,Ego, and Superego

25
Q

Defense mechanisms

A

Common pattern of behavior to cope with a situation, associated with the Ego (Freud)

26
Q

Psychosexual stages

A

Freud’s stages of development

27
Q

Castration anxiety

A

Fear in boys of being genitally mutilated because of their lust for their mother

28
Q

Neurosis

A

Obsolete term for a disorder that results from unconscious conflict and the subsequent anxiety

29
Q

Ego Psychology

A

Psychoanalytic theory that emphasizes the ego in development and psychological disorders as a failure of the ego (also self-psychology)

30
Q

Object relations

A

Modern development in psychodynamic theory about memory incorporation of children

31
Q

Collective unconscious

A

Accumulative wisdom across generations, theory by Carl Jung

32
Q

Free association

A

Psychoanalytic theory to explore unconscious, uncensored thought

33
Q

Dream analysis

A

Freudian unconscious observation theory (symbolism of id conflicts

34
Q

Psychoanalyst

A

Someone trained in psychotherapy (MD or PHD)

35
Q

Transference

A

Psychoanalytic concept suggesting clients may seek to relate therapist the same way they relate to other authorities

36
Q

Psychodynamic therapy

A

Contemporary psychoanalysis that emphasizes unconscious processes and conflicts

37
Q

Self actualization

A

Humanistic theory of reaching highest potential

38
Q

Person-centered therapy

A

Client leads therapy

39
Q

Unconditional positive regard

A

Counselor acceptance without judgement

40
Q

Behavioral model

A

Explanation of behavior by learning and adaptation

41
Q

Classical conditioning

A

Conditioned stimulus and learning (pavlovs dogs)

42
Q

Extinction

A

When a conditioned behavior lessens or is unpaired

43
Q

Introspection

A

Nonscientific psychology approach of attempting to report emotions and thoughts

44
Q

Systematic desensitization

A

Remove excessive fear through repeated exposure

45
Q

Behavior therapy

A

Therapy based in cognitive science to target behavior rather than causes

46
Q

Reinforcement (operant conditioning)

A

Strengthening a behavior.

47
Q

Shaping (operant conditioning)

A

Developing new responses through similar responses

48
Q

Agonist

A

Make NT more available

49
Q

Antagonist

A

Make NT less available

Abnormal Psychology (4 decks)

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